Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from radicles of olive (Olea europaea ‘Chemlal’) zygotic embryos

Khayreddine TITOUH, Khadidja HADJ-MOUSSA, Nazim BOUFIS, Lakhdar KHELIFI

Abstract


Olive improvement by biotechnological tools such as genetic transformation requires an efficient in vitro regeneration system. Somatic embryogenesis seems the most suitable process. Our work describes for the first time the regeneration of whole plants in the main olive cultivar in Algeria ‘Chemlal’ via somatic embryogenesis induced from radicles of mature zygotic embryos. The obtained results showed that the establishment of a competent embryogenic culture is highly influenced by the chemical composition of the calli induction and maintenance media as well as addition of growth regulators. More than 10 and 13 % of nodular calli were obtained after callogenesis respectively on MS and OMc solid media containing IBA and zeatin followed by transfer to the same media without zeatin and a reduced concentration of auxin, while embryogenesis rates of 3.3 and 6.7 % were obtained respectively with IAA on MS medium and NAA on both tested media. However, no embryogenesis was observed with 2, 4-D or control which induced less callogenesis. Subsequently, an ECO medium with IBA, zeatin and BA particularly in liquid culture, allows better calli proliferation and embryogenic expression compared to OM and MS media. Finally, matured somatic embryos germinate quickly on a solid OM basal medium and generate normal well-developed plantlets easily acclimatized to natural conditions.


Keywords


embryogenic callus; growth regulators; olive; proliferation rate; somatic embryo

Full Text:

PDF

References


Boukhari, R., Ameur Ameur, A., Innal, H., Gaouar, S.B.S. (2020). First morphological characterization of autochthonous olive (Olea europaea L.) denominations from central and eastern of Algeria. Acta Agriculturae Slovenica, 116(2), 311-325. https://doi:10.14720/aas.2020.116.2.1923

Boutkhil, S., Benine, M.L., Benzaoui, M.Y., Diaf, M., Kaldi, A., Chama, Z., Tifrit, A., Abbouni, B. (2016). Isolation and characterization of Verticillium wilt of olive trees in Algeria. International Journal of Microbiological Research, 7(3), 93-101. https://doi:10.5829/idosi.ijmr.2016.93.101

Bradaï, F., Pliego-Alfaro, F., Sánchez-Romero, C. (2016). Long-term somatic embryogenesis in olive (Olea europaea L.): Influence on regeneration capability and quality of regenerated plants. Scientia Horticulturae, 199, 23-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2015.12.010

Cañas, L.A., Benbadis, A. (1988). In vitro plant regeneration from cotyledon fragments of the olive tree (Olea europaea L.). Plant Science, 54, 65-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9452(88)90056-8

Cerezo, S., Mercado, J.A., Pliego-Alfaro, F. (2011). An efficient regeneration system via somatic embryogenesis in olive. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 106, 337-344.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-011-9926-6

Haddad, B., Gristina, A.S., Mercati, F., Saadi, A., Aiter, N., Martorana, A., Sharaf, A., Carimi, F. (2020). Molecular analysis of the official Algerian olive collection highlighted a hotspot of biodiversity in the central Mediterranean basin. Genes, 11(3), n°303, 17p. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11030303

Hegazi, E.S., Abd Allatif, A.M., Abd Elraof, O.A. (2017). Effect of growth regulators on callus induction and somatic embryogenesis in olive. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. 8(4), 274-280. https://www.rjpbcs.com/pdf/2017_8(4)/[35].pdf

Maalej, M., Drira, N., Chaari-Rkhis, A., Trigui, A. (2002). Preliminary results of somatic embryogenesis from young zygotic embryos of olive tree. Acta Horticulturae, 586, 899-902. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2002.586.196

Mazri, M.A., Naciri, R., Belkoura, I. (2020). Maturation and conversion of somatic embryos derived from seeds of olive (Olea europaea L.) cv. Dahbia: Occurrence of secondary embryogenesis and adventitious bud formation. Plants, 9(11), n°1489, 14p. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111489

Mazri, M.A., Belkoura, I., Pliego-Alfaro, F., Belkoura, M. (2013). Somatic embryogenesis from leaf and petiole explants of the Moroccan olive cultivar Dahbia. Scientia Horticulturae, 159, 88-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2013.05.002

Mazri, M.A., Belkoura, I., Pliego-Alfaro, F., Belkoura, M. (2012). Embryogenic capacity of embryo-derived explants from different olive cultivars. Acta Horticulturae, 929, 397-403. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.929.57

Merkle, S.A., Parrot, WA., Flinn, BS. (1995). Morphogenic aspects of somatic embryogenesis, In: Thorpe, T.A. (editor). In vitro embryogenesis in plants: Current plant science and biotechnology in agriculture. Vol. 20, Dordrecht, Holland, Springer, pp. 155-204. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0485-2_5

Montes-Osuna, N., Mercado-Blanco, J. (2020). Verticillium wilt of olive and its control: What did we learn during the last decade? Plants, 9(6), n°735, 31p. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9060735

Murashige, T., Skoog, F. (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia Plantarum, 15, 473-497. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1962.tb08052.x

Narváez, I., Martín, C., Jiménez-Díaz, R.M., Mercado, J.A., Pliego-Alfaro, F. (2019). Plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis in mature wild olive genotypes resistant to the defoliating pathotype of Verticillium dahliae. Frontiers in Plant Sciences, 10(1471), 11p. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01471

Neumann, K.H., Kumar, A., Imani, J. (2009). Plant cell and tissue culture - a tool in biotechnology basics and application. Berlin, Germany, Springer, 333 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-93883-5

Pires, R., Cardoso, H., Ribeiro, A., Peixe, A., Cordeiro, A. (2020). Somatic embryogenesis from mature embryos of Olea europaea L. cv. ‘Galega Vulgar’ and long-term management of calli morphogenic capacity. Plants, 9(6), n°758, 15p. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9060758

Rugini, E. (1995). Somatic embryogenesis in olive (Olea europaea L.), In: Jain, S.M., Gupta, P.K., Newton, R.J. (editors). Somatic embryogenesis in woody plants-Angiosperms.Vol. 2, Dordrecht, Holland, Springer, pp. 171-189. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0491-3_11

Rugini, E. (1988). Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in olive (Olea europaea L.). Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 14, 207-214. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00043411

Rugini, E. (1984). In vitro propagation of some olive cultivars with different root-ability, and medium development using analytical data from developing shoots and embryos. Scientia Horticulturae, 24, 123-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(84)90143-2

Rugini, E., Mencuccini, M., Biasi, R., Altamura, M.M. (2005). Olive (Olea europaea L.), In: Jain, S.M., Gupta, P.K. (editors). Protocol for somatic embryogenesis in woody plants. Dordrecht, Holland, Springer, pp. 345-360. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2985-3_27

Rugini, E., Baldoni, L., Silvestri, C., Mariotti, R., Narváez, I., Cultrera, N., Cristofori, V., Bashir, M.A., Mousavi, S., Palomo-Ríos, E., Mercado, J.A., Pliego-Alfaro, F. (2020). Olea europaea Olive, In: Litz, R.E., Pliego-Alfaro, F., Hormaza, J.I. (editors). Biotechnology of fruit and nut crops, 2nd Ed, London, UK, CABI International, pp. 343-376. https://www.cabi.org/bookshop/book/9781780648279/

Sánchez-Romero, C. (2021). Somatic embryogenesis in olive. Plants, 10(3), 433: 6p. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10030433

Sánchez-Romero, C. (2019). Somatic embryogenesis in Olea spp. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 138, 403-426. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-019-01652-0

Toufik, I., Belkoura, I., Guenoun, F. (2017). Improving germination conditions of somatic embryos derived from radicle explants of Moroccan olive cultivar Dahbia. European Journal of Biotechnology and Bioscience, 5(3), 51-56. http://www.biosciencejournals.com/archives/2017/vol5/issue3/5-3-15

Trabelsi, E.B., Naija, S., Elloumi, N., Belfeleh, Z., Msllem, M., Ghezel, R., Bouzid, S. (2011). Somatic embryogenesis in cell suspension cultures of olive (Olea europaea L.) ‘Chetoui’. Acta Physiologia Plantarum, 33, 319-324. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-010-0550-6

Von Arnold, S. (2008). Somatic embryogenesis, In: George, E.F., Hall, M.A., De Klerk, G.J. (editors). Plant propagation by tissue culture. Dordrecht, Holland, Springer, pp. 335-354. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5005-3_9




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2581

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2022 Khayreddine TITOUH, Khadidja HADJ-MOUSSA, Nazim BOUFIS, Lakhdar KHELIF

 

Acta agriculturae Slovenica is an Open Access journal published under the terms of the Creative Commons CC BY License.

                           


eISSN 1854-1941