Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Rhizobium on ion content and root characteristics of green bean and maize under intercropping

Zahra Marzban, Elham Faryabi, Shahram Torabian

Abstract


In order to evaluate arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobium bacteria effects on leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentration and root characteristics of green bean and maize under intercropping, experiment was carried out in the research field of College of Agriculture, Payame Noor University of Azna, Lorestan, Iran. In experiment, sandy loam soil with pH 7.3 and EC 0.49 dS m-1 was used.The treatments comprised three cropping systems (sole cropping of green bean and maize, and intercropping), and four inoculations (control, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, rhizobium and mix of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobium). The results showed that inoculation with rhizobium improved length, diameter, volume and area of green bean root.The highest of green bean N, P concentration and root dry mass were observed in sole culture of green bean inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Moreover, root length, diameter, volume and area of maize increased by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and total concentration of N and P enhanced with use of rhizobium in sole cropping. Although the usage of Rhizobium and AMF can be affected on increasing the root growth and nutrient uptake of crops, application of bacterium and fungi combination at the same time would not be suitable. Overall, intercropping of maize with green bean caused to increase of leaf N and P concentrations and root growth of maize.


Keywords


inoculation; AMfungi; rhizobacteria; intercropping; root length; root area; root dry mass; phosphorus; nitrogen

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abdel-Fattah, G. M., Mohamedin, A. H. (2000). Interactions between a vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus intraradices) and Streptomyces coelicolor and their effects on sorghum plants grown in soil amended with chitin of brawn scales. Biology and Fertility of Soils,32, 401-409. Doi: 10.1007/s003740000269

Adiku, S. G. K., Ozier-Lafontaine, H., Bajazet, T. (2001). Patterns of root growth and water uptake of a maize–cowpea mixture grown under greenhouse conditions. Plant and Soil, 235,85-94. Doi: 10.1023/A:1011847214706

Almagrabi, O. A., Abdelmoneim, T. S. (2012). Using of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to reduce the deficiency effect of phosphorous fertilization on maize plants (Zea mays L.). Life Science, 9, 1648-1654.

AOAC, 1970. Official Methods Analysis, 10th ed. Association of Official Agricultural Chemistry, Washington, DC.

Armstrong, K. L., Albrecht, K. A., Lauer, J. G., Riday, H. (2008). Intercropping corn with lablab bean, velvet bean, and scarlet runner bean for forage. Crop Science, 48, 371-379. Doi: 10.2135/cropsci2007.04.0244

Baniaghil, N., Arzanesh, M. H., Ghorbanli, M., Shahbazi, M. (2013). The effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on growth parameters, antioxidant enzymes and microelements of canola under salt stress. Journal of Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences, 3, 17-27.

Bohn, W. (1979). Methods of studying root systems. Ecological Studies 33:188. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-67282-8

Bonfante, P. (2003). Plants, mycorrhizal fungi and endobacteria: a dialog among cells and genomes. Biological Bulletin, 204, 215-220. Doi: 10.2307/1543562

Contreras-Govea, F. E., Muck, R. E., Armstrong, K. L., Albrecht, K. A. (2009). Nutritive value of corn silage in mixture with climbing beans. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 150, 1-8. Doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.07.001

Corkidi, L., Rowland, D. L., Johnson, N. C., Allen, E. B. (2002). Nitrogen fertilization alters the functioning of arbuscular mycorrhizas at two semiarid grasslands. Plant and Soil, 240, 299-310. Doi: 10.1023/A:1015792204633

Cozzolino, V., Pigna, M., Di Meo, V., Caporale, A. G., Violante, A. (2010). Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation and phosphorus supply on the growth of Lactuca sativa L. and arsenic and phosphorus availability in an arsenic polluted soil under non-sterile conditions. Applied Soil Ecology, 45, 262-268. Doi: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.05.001

Dahmardeh, M., Ghanbari A., Syasar B., Ramroudi, M. (2009). Effect of intercropping maize (Zea mays L.) with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) on green forage yield and quality evaluation. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 8, 235-239. Doi: 10.3923/ajps.2009.235.239

Das, A. C., Saha, D. (2005). Non symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria influencing mineral and hydrolysable organic nitrogen in rhizosphere soil of rice (Oryza sativa). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 75(5), 265-269.

Davis, L.C. (1980). Limiting factors in nitrogen fixation. What's New in Plant Physiology,11, 41-45.

Gachande, B. D., Khansole, G. S. (2011). Morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics of Rhizobium japonicum syn. and Brady Rhizobium japonicum of soybean. Bioscience Discovery, 2, 1-4.

Grace, E. J., Cotsaftis, O., Tester, M., Smith, F. A., Smith, S. E. (2009). Arbuscular mycorrhizal inhibition of growth in barely cannot be attributed to extent of colonisation, fungal phosphorus uptake or effects on expression of plant phosphate transport genes. New Phytologist, 181, 938-949. Doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02720.x

He, X., Xu, M., Qiu, G. Y., Zhou, J. (2009). Use of 15N stable isotope to quantify nitrogen transfer between mycorrhizal plants. Journal of Plant Ecology, 2, 107-118. Doi: 10.1093/jpe/rtp015

Hussain, M. B., Mehboob, I., Zahir, Z. A., Naveed, M., Asghar, H. N. (2009). Potential of Rhizobium spp. For improving growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Journal Soil and Environment, 28, 49-55.

Kannahi, M., Kowsalya, M. (2013). Efficiency of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for the enhancement of Vigna mungo growth. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 5, 46-52.

Kistner, C., Parniske, M. (2002). Evolution of signal transduction in intracellular symbiosis. Trends in Plant Science,7, 511-518. Doi: 10.1016/S1360-1385(02)02356-7

Koltai, H., Gadkar, V., Kapulnik, Y. (2010). Biochemical and practical views of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungus-host association in horticultural crops. Horticultural Reviews, 36, 257-287.

Kuo, S., Jellum, E. J. (2002). Influence of winter cover crop and residue management on soil nitrogen availability and corn yield. Agronomy Journal, 94, 501-508. Doi: 10.2134/agronj2002.5010

Li, L., Sun, J., Zhang, F., Guo, T., Bao, X., Smith, A., Smith, S. E. (2006). Root distribution and interactions between intercropped species. Oecologia,147, 280-290. Doi: 10.1007/s00442-005-0256-4

Li, L., Zhang, F., Li, X., Christie, P., Sun, J., Yang, S., Tang, C. (2003). Interspecific facilitation of nutrient uptake by intercropped maize and faba bean. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 65, 61-71. Doi: 10.1023/A:1021885032241

Martin, S. L., Mooney, S. J., Dickinson, A. J., West, H. M. (2012). The effects of simultaneous root colonisation by three Glomus species on soil pore characteristics. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 49, 167-173. Doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.036

Mirzai, A., Vazan, S., Naseri, R. (2010). Response of yield and yield components of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) to seed inoculation with Azotobacter and Azospirillum and different nitrogen levels under dry land condition. World Applied Science Journal, 11(10), 1287-1291.

Nelson, D. W., Sommers, L. E. (1973). Determination of total nitrogen in plant material. Agronomy Journal, 65, 109-112. Doi: 10.2134/agronj1973.00021962006500010033x

Newman, E. I. (1966). A metod of estimating the total length of root in a sample. Journal Applied Ecology, 3, 139-145. Doi: 10.2307/2401670

Ortas I. (2012). The effect of mycorrhizal fungal inoculation on plant yield, nutrient uptake and inoculation effectiveness under long-term field conditions. Field Crops Research, 125, 35-48. Doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2011.08.005

Redecker, D., Vonbereswordtwallrabe, P., Beck, D. P., Werner, D. (1997). Influence of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on stable isotopes of nitrogen in Phaseolus vulgaris. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 24, 344-346. Doi: 10.1007/s003740050255

Reyes, I., Valery, A., Valduz, Z. (2006). Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms isolated from rhizospheric and bulk soils of colonizer plants at an abandoned rock phosphate mine. Plant and Soil,287, 69-75. Doi: 10.1007/s11104-006-9061-z

Rodrigo, V. H. L., Stirling, C. M., Teklehaimanot, Z., Nugawela, A. (2001). Intercropping with banana to improve fractional interception and radiation-use efficiency of immature rubber plantations. Field Crops Research, 69, 237-249. Doi: 10.1016/S0378-4290(00)00147-7

Russell, E. W. (1973). The individual nutrients needed by plants. pp.31-48. In E.W. Russel (Ed.). Soil conditions and plant growth, 10th edition. Longman, London and New York.

Shamseldin, A., Sadowsky, M. J., El-Saadani, M., Chung, S. A. (2008). Molecular biodiversity and identification of free living Rhizobium strains from diverse Egyptian soils as assessed by direct isolation without trap hosts. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, 4, 541-549.

Shariati, J., Weisany, W., Torabian, S. (2015). Effect of azetobacter and arbescular mycorrhizal on growth of safflower (Carthamus tinctorious L.) at different irrigation regimes. Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities, 18(4), #01.

Vessey, J. K. (2003). Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria as biofertilizers. Plant and Soil, 255, 571-586. Doi: 10.1023/A:1026037216893

Xavier, L. J. C., Germida, J. J. (2003). Selective interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae enhance pea yield and nutrition. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 37, 261-267.

Yasmin, F., Othman, R., Saad, M. S., Sijam, K. (2007). Screening for beneficial properties of Rhizobacteria isolated from sweet potato rhizosphere. Journal of Biotechnology, 6, 49-52. Doi: 10.3923/biotech.2007.49.52

Zahir, Z. A., Arshad, A., Frankenberger, W. T. (2004). Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: Application and prospectives in agriculture. Advances in Agronomy, 81, 97-168. Doi: 10.1016/S0065-2113(03)81003-9

Zhang, L., Van Der Werf, W., Zhang, S., Li, B., Spiertz, J. H. J. (2007). Growth, yield and quality of wheat and cotton in relay strip intercropping systems. Field Crops Research,103, 178-188. Doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2007.06.002




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2017.109.1.08

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2017 zahra marzban, Elham Faryabi, Shahram Torabian

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

 

Acta agriculturae Slovenica is an Open Access journal published under the terms of the Creative Commons CC BY License.

                           


eISSN 1854-1941