Study of relationship between soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) planting spatial arrangements and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti L.) population dynamic

Hamid SALEHIAN, Maryam NAJAFIAN

Abstract


The velvetleaf is an important annual weed in the Mazandaran  province, Iran. Seeds are the only way of propagation and  renewal of this weed. More  knowledge was gained regarding  soil seed bank and its seed production to improve the  management of the velvetleaf weed in the future. There is a  minimal information concerning the impact of the soybean  planting pattern on the dynamics of the velvetleaf population.  For this reason two different fiel ds have been studied with the  cooperation of the Agriculture Discipline of the Islamic Azad  University, in Qaemshahr, Iran, during 2009 and 2012. In this  study the effect of two types of soybean row spacing were  used, 50 cm-wide and 36 cm - narrow, and three emergences  of the velvetleaf weed populatio n (periods 0-10, 10-20 and 20- 30 days after soybean sowing were implemented) were  studied. Seed production, leaf area and dry matter increased in  each plant population of the velvetleaf weed in the 50-cm  soybean rows. Mortality rates we re decreased in velvetleaf’s  seedling population in the wider spaced rows. By observation  it was seen an increased producti on of seeds in the first batch  of seedlings. It appears that we must remove the first weed  emergence flushes within three to four weeks after the  soybean emergence to prevent reduced yields in the soybean  crop and further increase of the velvetleaf seed bank.   


Keywords


soybeans; glycine max; weed control; Abutilon theophrasti; spacing; population dynamics; seed production; biological comptition

Full Text:

PDF

References


Baskin C.C., Baskin J.M. 2001. Seeds: Ecology, Biogeography and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination. Academic Press, Sandi ego.

Bello I.A., Owen M.D.K., Valenti H.M.H. 1995. Effect of shade on Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti ) growth, seed production, and dormancy. Weed Technology, 3:452-45

Benvenuti M., Macchia S., Stefani A. 1994. Effects of shade on reproduction and some morphological characteristics of Abutilon theophrasti medicus, Dutura stramonium L. and Sorghum halepense L.pers.s. Weed Research, 34:283-288; DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3180.1994.tb01996.x

Buehring N.W., Nice G.R.W., Shaw D.R. 2002. Sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) control and soybean (Glycine max) response to soybean row spacing and population in three weed management systems. Weed Technology, 16: 131-141; DOI: 10.1614/0890-037X (2002)016

Cowan P, Weaver S.E., Swanton C.J.1998 .Interference between pigweed (Amaranthus spp.), and Barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli ) and Soybean (Glycine max). Weed Science, 46:539-533; DOI: 10.1614/WS- 03-004R

Derksen D.A., Watson D.R. 1998. Weed community composition in seed banks ,seedlings, and mature plant communities in a multi-year trial in western Canada. Aspects of Applied Biology, 51:43-50

Dielman A., Hamill A.S., Fox G.C., Swanton C.J. 1996. Decision rules for post emergence control of pigweed (Amaranthus spp.) interference in Soybean (Glycine max ).Weed Science, 44:126-132

Egley G.H., Williams R.D. 1991. Emergence periodicity of six summers annual weed species. Weed Science, 4: 595-600

Fehr, W.R., Caviness.C.E.1977.Stages of soybean develpment.Spec.Rep.80.Iowa Agric.Home Econ.Exp.Stn., Iowa State Uni. Ames

Forcella F.,Wilson R.G., Dekker J. 1997. Weed seed bank emergence across the Corn Belt . Weed Science, 45:67-76

Forcella F., Benech Arnold R.L., Sanchea R., Ghersa C. 2000. Modeling seedling emergence. Field Crops Research, 67: 123-1, doi: 10.1016/S0378- 4290(00)00088-5

Gallart M., Mas M.T.,Verdu A.M.C. 2010. Demography of Digitaria sanguinalis :effect of the emergence time on survival, reproduction, and biomass. Weed Biology and Management, 10:132-140; DOI: 10.1111/j.1445- 6664.2010.00375

Heindl J.C., Burn W.A.1983. Light and shade effects on abscission and C- photaassimilate partitioning among reproductive structures in soybean. Plant Physiology, 73:434-439; DOI:10.1104/pp.73.2.434

Hock S.M., Knezevic S.Z., Martin A.R., Lindquist J.L. 2005. Influence of soybean row width and velvetleaf emergence time on velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). Weed Science, 53: 160-165; DOI: 10.1614/WS-04-122R

Knezevic S.Z., Horak M.J. 1998. Influence of emergence time and density on redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus). Weed Science, 46: 665-672

Knezevic S.Z., Evans S.P., Mainz M. 2003a. Row spacing influences the critical timing for weed removal in soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technology, 17: 666- 673; DOI: 10.1614/WT02-49

Knezevic S.Z., Evans S.P., Mainz M. 2003b. Yield penalty due to delayed weed control in corn and soybean. [Crop Management Journal Online] www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/cm/research/ 2003/delay./

Legere A., Schreiber M.M.1989.Competition and canopy architecture as affected by Soybean (Glycine max) row width and density of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus). Weed Science, 37:84-92

Lindquist J.L., Max Well B.D., Buhler D.D., Gun Solus J.L. 1995. Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti ): Recruitment, survival,seed production, and interference in Soybean (Glycine max). Weed Science, 43: 226-232

Martens S.K., Jansen J.H. 2002.Weed seed production, crop planting pattern, and mechanical weeding in wheat. Weed Science, 50:748-756; DOI: 0043- 1745(2002)050

Massinga R.F., Currie R.S., Horak M.J., Boyer J. 2001. Interference of Palmer Amaranth in corn. Weed Science, 49: 202-208.; DOI: 0043-1745(2001)049

Mickelson J.A., Renner K.A. 1997. Weed control using reduced rates of post emergence herbicides in narrow and wide row soybean. Journal of Production Agriculture, 12: 35-43

Mitich L.W. 1991.Velvetleaf. Weed Technology, 5: 253- 255

Mulugeta D., Boerboom C.M. 2000. Critical time of weed removal in glyphosate - resistant soybean (Glycine max). Weed Science, 48: 35-42, doi: 10.1614/0043- 1745(2000)048[0035:CTOWRI]2.0.CO;2

Munger P.H., Chandler J.M ., Cothren J.T., Hons F.M. 1987. Soybean (Glycine max ) velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti ) interspecific competition. Weed Science, 35: 647- 653

Nice G.R.W., Buehrin N.W., Shaw D.R. 2001. Sicklepod response to shading ,soybean (Glycine max) row spacing and population in three management systems. Weed Technology, 15: 155-162; DOI: 0890-037X (2001)015

Norsworthy J.K., Jha P., Bridges W. 2007. Sicklepod survival and fecundity in wide- and narrow-row glyphosate-resistant soybean (Glycine max). Weed Science, 55: 252-259; DOI: 10.1614/WS-06-155

O’Donovan J.T., Remy E.A., O’Sullivan P.A., Dew D.A., Sharma A.K. 1985. Influence of the relative time of emergence of wild oat (Avena fatua) on yield loss of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and wheat (Triticum aestivum).Weed Science, 33: 498- 503

Oreja F.H., dela Fuente E.B.2005. Population dynamics of Digitaria sanguinalis L. scop. In soybean in the Pampa.Proc. XVII Congreso of the Latinoamerican Weed Science Associations (ALAM). Varadero.Cuba.1-5.

Puricelli E., Oriolli G., Sabbatini M.R. 2002. Demography of Anoda cristata in wide-and narrow row soybean. Weed Research, 42:456-463; DOI: 10.1046/j.1365- 3180.2002.00307

Pyon J.Y., Guh J.O., KU Y.C. 1997. Environment-friendly cultural and mechanical practices for weed management.Korean Journal Weed Science, 17: 124- 134

Rezvani H., Latifi N., Zeinali E. 2008. Determination of critical period for velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) control in summer seeded soybean, Williams’s cultivar. Electronic Journal Crop Production, 1(2): 45- 65

Sadeghi H., Baghestani M.A., Akbary G.A., Hegazy A. 2003. Evaluation of soybean (Glycine max) and some weed species growth indices under competition condition. Plant Pest and Disease Journal, 71: 87-106

Samson D.A., Werk K.S .1986.Size - dependent effects in the analysis of reproductive effort in plants. American Naturalist, 127:667-680, doi: 10.1086/284512

SAS Institute .2001.SAS/STAT user's guide .Version 8.Vols.1-3.Cary, NC: SAS Institute 1028 p.

Schwinning S., Weiner J. 1998. Mechanisms determining the degree of size asymmetry in competition among plants. Oecologia, 113:447-455, doi: 10.1007/s004420050397

Scursoni J., Benech Arnold R., Hirchoren H. 1999. Demography of wild oat in barley crops: effect of crop, sowing rate, and herbicide treatment. Agronomy Journal, 91: 479-485, doi: 10.2134/agronj1999.00021962009100030020x

Shafigh M., Rashed Mohassel M.H., Nassiri Mahallati M. 2006. The competitive aspect of soybean (Glycine max) and Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) in response to population density and planting date. Jour. Iranian. Field Crops Research, 4:71-81

Steckel L.E., Sprague C.L. 2004. Late-season common water hemp (Amaranthus rudis ) interference in narrow- and wide-row soybean. Weed Technology, 18: 947-952; DOI: 10.1614/WT-03-131R

Swanton C.J., Weise S.W. 1991. Integrated weed management: the rationale and approach. Weed Technology, 5: 663-687

Swanton C.J, Mahoney K.J., Chandler K., Gulden R.H. 2008. Integrated weed management: Knowledge- Based weed management systems. Weed Science, 56: 168-172; DOI: 10.1614/WS-07-126.1

Thompson B.K., Weiner J., Warwick S.I.1991. Size- dependent reproduction output in agricultural weeds. Canadian Journal of Botany, 69:442-446, doi: 10.1139/b91-061

Walker R.H. and Buchanan G.A. 1982. Crop manipulation in integrated weed management systems. Weed Science, 30 (Suppl.1): 17-23

Warwick S.I., Black L.D. 1988. The biology of Canadian weeds. 90. Abutilon theophrasti . Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 68: 1069-1085, doi: 10.4141/cjps88- 127

Williams M.M., Mortensen D.A., Doran J.W. 1998. Assessment of weed and crop fitness in cover crop residues for integrated weed management. Weed Technology, 46: 595-603

Yelverton F.H., Coble H.D. 1991. Narrow row spacing and canopy formation reduces weed resurgence in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Technology, 5:169- 174

Young B.G., Young J.M., Gonzani L.C., Hart S.E., Wax L.M., Kapusta G. 2001. Weed management in narrow and wide-row glyphosate-resistant soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technology, 15: 112-121; DOI: 0890- 037X (2001)015

Zeinali E., Ehteshami M.R. 2003. Biology and control of important weed species .Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources. Gorgan, Iran .pp.412

Zimdahl. R.L.1988. The Concept and application of the critical weed-free period. C RC Press. Boca Raton, FL, USA




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2015.105.2.12

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2015 Acta agriculturae Slovenica

 

Acta agriculturae Slovenica is an Open Access journal published under the terms of the Creative Commons CC BY License.

                           


eISSN 1854-1941