Seed yield of two new quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) breeding lines as affected by sowing date in Central Italy

Paolo CASINI

Abstract


Research on the introduction of quinoa in Italy is currently lacking. The present research was aimed at identifying the correct sowing period. Field experiment was consucted in Cesa, Tuscany, in 2017. Two new breeding lines coded as DISPAA-Q42 and DISPAA-Q47-CB were utilized. Three sowing dates (SD) were implemented: February 23; March 17 and April 27. Results showed that the most successful SD was February 23. A significant decrease in both seed yield and a delay in phenological phases, relating to plant maturation and flowering was associated with the sequential delay in SD in both lines. Results also showed a significant effect of lines on yield, true-leaf stage development, flower development and maturity. Only DISPAA-Q42 was considered suitable for cultivation in the Tuscan environment. DISPAA-Q47-CB was the more susceptible line, due to the sequential delay in SD and delayed plant maturation. No effect between lines was evident for protein and saponin content. The present study clearly shows the potential for the successful cultivation of quinoa in Central Italy, and highlights the necessity of taking into consideration both breeding lines and SD in order to accomplish this goal.


Keywords


Central Italy; Chenopodium quinoa; new breeding lines; quinoa; sowing date; Tuscany

Full Text:

PDF

References


Anonymous (1936). Chenopodium quinoa. Coltura 1936, campo sperimentale di Sembel. Ufficio Agrario dell’Eritrea, Autunno 1936, Istituto Agronomico per l’Oltremare, Firenze, ArIAO 0624.

Bendevis, M. A., Sun, Y., Rosenqvist, E., Shabala, S., Liu, F., e Jacobsen, S.-E. (2014). Photoperiodic effects on short-pulse14C assimilation and overall carbon and nitrogen allocation patterns in contrasting quinoa cultivars. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 104, 9-15. doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2014.03.002

Bertero H. D. (2003). Response of developmental processes to temperature and photoperiod in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Food Reviews International, 19, 87-97. doi:10.1081/FRI-120018870

Bertero H. D., King R. V., Hall A. J. (1999). Photoperiod-sensitive development phases in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Field Crops Research, 60, 231-243. doi:10.1016/S0378-4290(98)00128-2

Bertero H. D., Ruiz R. A. (2008). Determination of seed number in sea level quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) cultivars. European Journal of Agronomy, 28(3), 186-194. doi:10.1016/j.eja.2007.07.002

Casini P. (1997). Quinoa: origine, caratteristiche ecologiche e tecnica colturale. In “La quinua: il grano delle Ande” – Contributo alla conoscenza e valorizzazione delle risorse vegetali e animali dell’America Latina, Istituto Italo-Latino Americano, Roma, 18 novembre 1997, 21-34.

Casini P. (2002). Possibilità di introdurre la quinoa negli ambienti mediterranei. L’Informatore Agrario, LVIII( 27), 29-32.

Casini P., Fabbrini L. (2017). Varietà di quinoa adatte all’areale italiano. L’Informatore Agrario, 8, 51-55.

Casini P., Proietti C. (2002). Morphological characterisation and production of quinoa genotypes (Chenopodium quinoa Will.) in the Mediterranean environment. Agricoltura Mediterranea, 132, 15-26.

Christiansen, J. L., Jacobsen, S.-E., e Jørgensen, S. T. (2010). Photoperiodic effect on flowering and seed development in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, 60, 539–544.

Claeys H, and Inze D. (2013). The agony of choice: how plants balance growth and survival under water-limiting conditions. Plant Physiology, 162(4), 1768-1779. doi:10.1104/pp.113.220921

De Feo V., Pizza C., Rastrelli L. (1997). Composizione e valore alimentare della quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa). In “La quinua: il grano delle Ande” – Contributo alla conoscenza e valorizzazione delle risorse vegetali e animali dell’America Latina, Istituto Italo-Latino Americano, Roma, 18 novembre 1997, pagg. 53-61.

De Santis G., Rascio A., D’Ambrosio T., D’Angelo L., Fragasso M., Maddaluno C., Mucci M., Rinaldi M. (2014). Valutazione della biodiversità in popolazioni di quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) in Ambiente Mediterraneo. Atti, X.: Convegno Nazionale sulla Biodiversità, 3-5 settembre 2014, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Roma: 426-433.

De Santis G., D’Ambrosio T., Rascio A., De Vita P. (2011). Caratterizzazione morfologica e qualitativa di genotipi di quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) in ambiente mediterraneo. Proc. VIII Convegno AISTEC Evoluzione e rilancio della filiera dei cereali, Catania, Italy, pp. 173-177.

De Santis G., Maddaluno C., D’Ambrosio T., Rascio A., Rinaldi M., Troisi M. (2016). Characterisation of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) accessions for the saponin content in Mediterranean environment. Italian Journal of Agronomy, 11(4), 277-281.

De Vasconcelos F.S., de Vasconcelos E. S., Balan M. G., Silvério L. (2012). Desenvolvimento e produtividade de quinoa semeada em diferentes datas no período safrinha. Revista Ciència Agronomica, 43(3), 510-515. doi:10.1590/S1806-66902012000300013

Donini B. (1997). Obiettivi del miglioramento genetico per il rilancio della quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). In “La quinua: il grano delle Ande” – Contributo alla conoscenza e valorizzazione delle risorse vegetali e animali dell’America Latina, Istituto Italo-Latino Americano, Roma, 18 novembre 1997, 45-51.

Euromonitor International (2015). Gluten-Free Market Explosion - Will the Boom Continue Indefinitely? Presentation, given at Free From Food Expo 2015 in Barcelona, “Explores the future of gluten-free packaged food products in bakery, pasta, baby food and ready meals”.

Hirich A., Choukr-Allah R., Jacobsen S. E. (2014). Quinoa in Morocco-Effect of sowing dates on development and yield. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 200, 371-377. doi:10.1111/jac.12071

Inguilàn, J. and, Pantoja C. (2007). Evaluaciòn y selecciòn de 16 selecciones promisorias de quinua dulce (Chenopodium quinua Willd.) en el municipio de Còrdoba, departamento de Nariño. Tesis de grado. Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad de Nariño, Pasto, Colombia.

Isobe K., Sugiyama H., Okuda D., Murase Y., Harada H., Miyamoto M., Koide S., Higo M., Torigoe Y. (2016). Effetcts of sowing time on the seed yield of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) in South Kanto, Japan. Agricultural Sciences, 7, 146-153. doi:10.4236/as.2016.73014

Jacobsen, S. E., (1997). Adaptation of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) to Northern European agriculture: studies on developmental pattern. Euphytica, 96, 41-48. doi:10.1023/A:1002992718009

Jacobsen, S. E., Bach A. (1998). The influence of temperature on seed germination rate in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Seed Science and Technology, 26, 515-523.

Jacobsen, S. E. (2015). Adaptation and scope for quinoa in northern latitudes of Europe. In: State of the Art Report on Quinoa Around the World in 2013, eds D Bazile, HD Bertero, and C Nieto (Roma: FAO & CIRAD), 436-446.

Koziol M. J. (1991). Afrosimetric estimation of threshold saponin concentration for bitterness in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Journal of Science Food Agriculture, 54, 211-219. doi:10.1002/jsfa.2740540206

Lavini A., Pulvento C., d’Andra R., Riccardi M., Choukr-Allah R., Belhabib O., Yazar A., Incekaya ҪMetin seze S., Qadir M., Jacomsen S. E. (2014). Quinoa’s potential in the Mediterranean Region. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 200, 344-360. doi:10.1111/jac.12069

Massa L. (1936). Notizie relative alla coltivazione del Chenopodium quinoa. In: Governo dell’Eritrea, prot. 2451, Istituto Agronomico per l’Oltremare, Firenze.

Maugini A. (1936). Invio di semi “Jupha” (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Lettera 16 marzo 1936 n. 551, Istituto Agronomico per l’Oltremare, Firenze, ArIAO 0623.

Mujica, A., Jacobsen, S. E., Izquierdo, J., and Marathee, J. P. (2001). Resultados de la Prueba Americana y Europea de la Quinua. Puno: FAO, UNA & CIP.

Nurse R. E., Obeid K., Page E. R. (2016). Optimal planting date, row width, and critical weed-free period for grain amaranth and quinoa grown in Ontario, Canada. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 96, 360-366. doi:10.1139/cjps-2015-0160

Pulvento C., Riccardi M., Lavini A., d’Andria R., Iafelice G., Marconi E., (2010). Field trial evaluation of two Chenopodium quinoa grown under rain-fed conditions in a typical Mediterranean environment in South Italy. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 196, 407-411. doi:10.1111/j.1439-037X.2010.00431.x

Pulvento C., Riccardi M., Lavini A., Iafelice G., Marconi E., d’Andria R. (2012). Yield and quality characteristics of quinoa grown in open field under different saline and non-saline irrigation regimes. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 198, 254-263. doi:10.1111/j.1439-037X.2012.00509.x

Racah V. (1917). Una pianta da provare: il Chenopodium quinoa. In: Il Nuovo Giornale di Agricoltura Industria e Commercio, 18 luglio 1917.

Repo-Carrasco, R., Espinoza, C., e Jacobsen, S. E. (2003). Nutritional value and use of the Andean crops quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) and kañiwa (Chenopodium pallidicaule). Food Reviews. International, 19, 179-189. doi:10.1081/FRI-120018884

Risi J., Galwey N. W. (1989). The pattern of genetic diversity in the Andean grain crop quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). I. Associations between characteristics. Euphytica, 41, 147-162. doi:10.1007/BF00022424

Risi J., Galwey N. W. (1991). Effetcs of sowing date and spawing rate on plant development and grain yield of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) in a temperate environment. Journal of Agricultural Science, 117, 325-332. doi:10.1017/S002185960006706X

Vasconcelos de, F. S., Vasconcelos de, E. S., Balan M. G., Silvèrio L. (2012). Desenvolvimento e produtividade de quinoa semeada em diferentes datas no períodio safrinha. Revista Ciéncia Agronòmica, 43(3), 510-515. doi:10.1590/S1806-66902012000300013

Wilson H. D. (1990). Quinua and relatives (Chenopodium sect. Chenopodium subsect. Cellulata). Economic Botany, 44, 92-110. doi:10.1007/BF02860478




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2019.113.1.05

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2019 Paolo Casini

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

 

Acta agriculturae Slovenica is an Open Access journal published under the terms of the Creative Commons CC BY License.

                           


eISSN 1854-1941