Bioaktivne spojine v izvlečkih luščin indijskega oreščka (Anacardium occidentale L.) in njihova protiprehranjevalna aktivnost na tobakovega ščitkarja, Bemisia tabaci, (Gennadius, 1889) (Hemiptera:Aleyrodidae)

Wuye Ria ANDAYANIE, Wahidin NURIANA, Netty ERMAWATY

Povzetek


V raziskavi so bile analizirane bioaktivne snovi v izvlečku luščin indijskega oreščka (Anacardium occidentale L.) in njihova protiprehranjevalna aktivnost na tobakovega ščitkarja (Bemisia tabaci). Topilo za ekstracijo je bil heksan. Izvleček luščin je vseboval celokupne fenole (63,11 mg ekvivalentov galne kisline g-1), flavonoide (1,79 mg ekvivalentov kvercetina g-1) in tanine (16,04 mg ekvivalentov galne kisline g-1). Analiza s plinsko kromatografijo in masno spektroskopijo je pokazala, da je imela anakardična kislina v izvlečku največjo koncentracijo (76,93 %). Lepljiv izvleček luščin indijskega oreščka je pri koncentraciji 0,75 % preprečil usedanje vrste B tabaci in imel preko tega aktivno vlogo pri preprečevanju izleganja jajčec. Pojavnost škodljivca je bila značilno manjša kot pri uporabi insekticida z imidaklopridom kot aktivno snovjo v koncentraciji 0,50 %, 72 ur po uporabi. Smrtnost vrste B. tabaci, povzročena z izvlečkom v koncentracijah 1,50 % in 3,00 % ni bila po 24 in 48 h uporabe značilo različna. Pri 3, 0 % koncentraciji izvlečka ni bilo nobenega fitotoksičnega učinka. Največja smrtnost vrste B. tabaci je bila pri 6,00 % koncentraciji izvlečka, a je hkrati ta koncentracija povzročila fitotoksične učinke na listih soje.

Ključne besede


luščine indijskega oreščka (CNS); Bemisia tabaci; rastlinski insekticid; antifedant; antiovipozicija; soja

Celotno besedilo:

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2019.113.2.9

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