Spremenljivost ozimne pšenice glede na lokalne razmere

Mykola NAZARENKO, Irina SOLOHUB, Olexandr IZHBOLDIN

Povzetek


Namen poskusov je bil opisati fenotipsko in genotipsko spremenljivost glavnih agronomskih lastnosti linij ozimne pšenice glede na njihove interakcije z različnimi okoljskimi razmerami. Pet novih linij ozimne pšenice je bilo preučevano v poljskem poskusu v treh zaporednih letih glede na parametre pridelka in kakovosti zrnja, privzem makro in mikrohranil ter težkih kovin iz tal v različnih reliefnih razmerah.

Raziskava je potrdila spoznanja o bolj perspektivnih smernicah za izkoriščanje lokalnih danosti za izboljšanje ozimne pšenice in tesno povezanost med koncentracijo hranil v rastlini in njihovo izgubo iz tal, kot tudi posebnosti reliefa in genotipa in omejenosti prilagajanja. Vzgojili so zelo prilagodljivo linijo 213 (‘Leana’), ki daje večji pridelek zrnja od standarda v vseh razmerah. Vse linije so imele v ugodnih razmerah večji pridelek zrnja kot kontrola. Spremenljivost lastnosti je bila na neugodnih južnih legah večja kot na drugih, ustreznih razmerah. Samo linija 156 je bila prepoznana po dobri vsebnosti in sestavi proteinov v vseh razmerah glede na vsebnost gliadina in glutenina. Vpliv reliefa na prevzem mikroelementov in težkih kovin pri ozimni pšenici ni tako pomemben kot za makroelemente in posledično za pridelek ter kakovost zrnja.

Ključne besede


kmetijska pokrajina; rastne razmere; ozimna pšenica

Celotno besedilo:

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Literatura


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2019.114.1.13

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