INSEKTICIDNI UČINKI NANO DELCEV CINKOVEGA OKSIDA IN TROSOV GLIVE Beauveria bassiana TS11 NA RASTLINJAKOVEGA ŠČITKARJA (Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood, 1856) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae))

Zahra KHOOSHE-BAST, Najmeh Sahebzadeh, Mansour GHAFFARI-MOGHADDAM, Ali MIRSHEKAR

Povzetek


Rastlinjakov ščitkar (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) je eden izmed glavnih škodljivcev hortikulturnih rastlin in se ga navadno zatira z insekticidi ali biološkimi agensi. V tej raziskavi smo preučevali učinke nano delcev cinkovega oksida (ZnO NP) in glive Beauveria bassiana TS11 na njegove odrasle osebke. ZnO NP je bil pripravljen z metodo usedanja. Analiza nano delcev ZnO z vrstičnim elektronskim mikroskopom je pokazala njihovo neizenačenost. Njihova nadaljna analiza z rentgenskimi žarki je potrdila njihovo heksagonalno strukturo. Analiza s Fourierjevo prosevno infrardečo spektrometrijo je pokazala močan absorpcijski vrh v območju 434-555 cm-1, ki se je nanašal na Zn-O vez. V preiskusu smrtnosti so bili odrasli osebki ščitkarja izpostavljeni različnim koncentracijam nano delcev ZnO (3, 5, 10, 15, 20 mg l-1) in trosov glive (104, 105, 106, 107, 108 spor ml-1). Vrednosti LC50 so bile za nano delce ZnO 7.35 mg l-1 in 3.28×105 ml-1 za trose glive. Smrtnost, ki je bila dosežena pri največjih koncentracijah nano delcev ZnO in trosov glive je znašala 91.6 % in 88.8 %. Ti izsledki kažejo pozitivni učinek obeh pripravkov na smrtnost odraslih osebkov rastlinjakovega ščitkarja. Glede na to, da je bila raziskava opravljena v laboratoriju je potrebno v bodoče opraviti še več raziskav v realnih razmerah.

Ključne besede


entomopatogene glive; nano delci; kovinski oksid; insekticid; biotest

Celotno besedilo:

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2016.107.2.04

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