Pridelovanje tara [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott] na Japonskem: trenutno stanje, problemi in perspektive

Tetsuo MIKAMI, Sakio TSUTSUI

Povzetek


Taro [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott], predstavnik družine kačnikov (Araceae), je vegetativno razmnoževana poljščina z užitnimi čebulastimi gomolji (kormi, kormiči), listnimi peclji in listnimi ploskvami. Po razpoložljivih podatkih naj bi taro izviral iz južne centralne Azije, verjetno iz tropskih predelov med Indijo in Indonezijo. Poljščina naj bi dosegla Japonsko v 10th stoletju pred Kristusom. Na nekaterih območjih Japonske je bil taro vsakodnevna hrana pred začetkom gojenja riža, danes se goji predvsem kot korenasta zelenjava. Čebulasti gomolji tara (kormi) so odličen vir ogljikovih hidratov in bogati na esencialnih mineralih, vitaminih in prehranskih vlakninah. Japonci so že od nekdaj stkali s poljščino socio-kulturne povezave, ko je bil taro postrežen na tradicionalnik praznikih in ob sezonskih dogodkih. Kljub tako veliki vrednosti, je gojenje tara v zadnjih desetletjih upadalo. Pripomniti je še potrebno, da je bilo genetskemu izbolšanju tara posvečeno premalo pozornosti. V tem pregledu je podan poskus zbiranja podatkov o komercialni pridelavi in uporabi tara na Japonskem kot tudi agronomske lastnosti vodilnih sort v pričakovanju, da bodo te informacije pomagale razumeti težave in prihodnost gojenja tara na Japonskem.

Ključne besede


agronomske lastnosti; žlahtnenje; korm; kormič; sorta; zgodaj dozorevajoči genotip; taro; tradicionalan hrana

Celotno besedilo:

PDF (English)

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2019.114.2.4

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