Pošlji prispevek (e-pošta) Genetska variabilnost in selekcijski kriteriji nekaterih genotipov sončnice pri različnih metodah opraševanja
Povzetek
Za določitev samokompatibilnih genotipov in povečanje samooploditve je bilo posejanih deset genotipov sončnice z različnimi načini opraševanja in sicer: navskrižno opraševanje, samo opraševanje, ročno opraševanje in opraševanje znotraj starševskih linij. Poskus je bil zasnovan kot naključni popolni bločni poskus s tremi ponovitvami na Kafr-El-Hamam Agricultural research Station, Sharkia Governorate, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt, v poletnih rastnih sezonah 2018 in 2019. Za vse preučevane lastnosti so se pokazale značilne razlike glede na način opraševanja, izbrane genotype in njihove interakcije. Med obravnavanji sta se navskrižno opraševanje in opraševanje znotraj starševskih linij izkazali kot najboljši način opraševanja glede na premer koška (glave) sončnic, število polnih zrn na košek, odstotek nastavka semen, razmerja med jedrci in luščinami, maso semen na rastlino, pridelek semena na fedan in vsebnost olja v semenu. Preučevanje avtogamije je odkrilo, da so imeli genotipi po vrstnem redu ‘L120’, ‘L92’ in ‘L880’ največji delež samooplodnje in samokompatibilnosti. Zaželjeno izboljšanje mase semena na rastlino bi lahko dosegli z izborom genotipov, ki imajo največji premer koška, večje število polnih semen na košek, največji nastavek semen, največjo maso semen, jedrc in luščin kot je bilo dokazano z velikim fenotipskim in genotipskim koeficientom variabilnosti in velike dednosti povezano z velikim napredkom v dedovanju (kot poprečni odstotek) kot tudi z analizami korelacije med preučevanimi lastnostmi na fenotipski in genotipski ravni.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2020.116.1.1552
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