Primerjalna raziskava nadzemne biomase in shranjevanja ogljika med Tembawangom in konvencionalnim pridobivanjem kavčuka v Zahodnem Kalimantanu, Indonezija

Rafdinal RAFDINAL, Ramadanil PITOPANG, Riza LINDA, Adityo RAYNALDO, Eko SUBRATA

Povzetek


V obdobju intenzivnega gojenja oljne palme in plantaž kavčukovca v Kalimantanu so nekatere lokalne skupnosti plemena Dajakov v Zahodnem Kalimantanu ohranile tradicionalni kmetijsko gozdarski sistem (agroforestry), imenovan "Tembawang". Kljub povečevanju industrije kavčuka v zadnjih desetletjih so nekatere lokalne skupnosti ohranile tradicionalno gojenje kavčukovca. V raziskavi sta bili primerjani nadzemna biomasa dreves (AGB) in porazdelitev ogljika v različnih debelinskih razredih dreves (DBH= premer drevesa na prsni višini) med sistemom Tembawang in konvencialno pridelavo kavčuka na plantažah v Zahodnem Kalimantanu, Indonezija. Analiza vegetacije je bila opravljena v dveh transektih tradicionalnega pridobivanja kavčuka imenovenega Tembawang in v konvencionalnih plantažah kavčukovca. Določitev nadzemne biomase je temeljila na alometričnih enačbah, zaloge ogljika so bile ocenjene iz odstotkov biomase. Celokupna nadzemna biomasa je bila v sistemu Tembawang večja kot v konvencionalnih plantažah kavčukovca in značilno različna (p < 0,01). Največja akumulacija nadzemne biomase je bila v obeh sistemih, Tembawangu in pri konvencionalni pridelavi kavčuka v debelinskih razredih nad 50 cm. Nadzemna zaloga ogljika je bila v sistemu Tembawang 90,26 Mg C ha-1 in 42.01 Mg C ha-1pri konvencionalni pridelavi. Največji delež shranjenega ogljika je bil v debelinskih razredih dreves nad 50 cm, ocenjen na 62,58 % pri Tembawangu in 49,24 % pri konvencionalni pridelavi kavčuka. Nadzemna biomasa in zaloga ogljika sta bili v tradicionalnem kmečkem gozdarstvu Zahodnega Kalimantana večji kot v različnih konvencionalnih sistemih, tudi ocenjene vrednosti so bile blizu tistim v drugotnih tropskih gozdovih. Tembawang sistem kmečkega gozdarstva ima dober potencial za shranjevanje ogljika in ohranjanja samoniklih sadnih dreves v Kalimantanu.

Ključne besede


shranjevanje ogljika; pleme Dayak; etnoekologija; plantaža; Tembawang

Celotno besedilo:

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2021.117.1.1859

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