Pošlji prispevek (e-pošta) Vpliv mešanice organsko kemičnih gnojil in hormonov na pridelek koruze (Zea mays (L.)) in rodovitnost tal
Povzetek
V raziskavi je bil na pridelek koruze in lastnosti tal v popolnem bločnem poskusu s štirimi ponovitvami preučevan učinek mešanice petih odmerkov gnojil NPK (15-15-15) pomešanih z organskimi snovmi in hormoni v naslednjih kombinacijah: 1 (HO-1), 2 (HO-2), 3 (HO-3) ter dodatkom granularnega organskega gnojila (GOF). Novi hybrid koruze GT 822 je bil posejan v razmaku 75 x 25 cm². Odmerek gnojila je bil 300 kg ha-1. Izhodiščna anliza tal je pokazala, da so bila tla slabo preskrbljena s hranili, a je bilo že po drugi sezoni trajanja poskusa opazno značilno izboljšanje (p ≤ 0,05) v lastnostih tal, pri čemer so bile zabeležene največje vsebnosti ostankov NPK gnojil (0,875 %; 0,0275 % in 0,0267 %) na ploskvah HO-3. Tudi meritve lastnosti obravnavanega posevka koruze kot so višina rastlin, vsebnost suhe snovi, velikost listne površine in vsebnost klorofila (270,85 cm; 282,66 g; 156,02 dm² in 56,70) so imele največje vrednosti pri gnojenju HO-3. Rastlinski rastni kazalniki, RGR, LAI, in učinkovitost izrabe suhe snovi (0,132 g g-1 dan-1; 5,90 in 34,4%) so imele največje vrednosti pri obravnavanju HO-3. Pridelek zrnja in vsebnost surovih beljakovin (8276,68 kg ha-1 in 8,99 %) sta bila največja pri obravnavanju HO-3, nato pri HO-2 in obravnavanju samo z NPK. Manjši pridelki so bili doseženi pri kontroli in obravnavanju z GOF. Rezultati so pokazali, da je integrirana in uravnotežena raba virov hranil dala največji pridelek in izboljšala lastnosti tal in jo zato priporočamo v bodočih programih gnojilne strategije. Vztrajanje na uporabi granuliranih organskih gnojil kot edinega gnojilnega postopka pri pridelavi koruze lahko povzroči znatne izgube pridelka v primerjavi s temi integriranimi postopki gnojenja ali uporabi NPK gnojil.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2022.118.4.2063
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