Vpliv sprememb podnebja na vznik kalic koruze na območju tropskega deževnega gozda

Chris Adegoke FAYOSE, Morakinyo Abiodun Bamidele FAKOREDE

Povzetek


Okoljski dejavniki, ki vplivajo na slab vznik koruze (Zea mays L.) so v tropskih razmerah pogosto opaženi a slabo dokumentirani. Ta raziskava je bila izvedena za preučevanje učinkov dejavnikov podnebja na vznik koruze na univerzitetnem učnem in raziskovalnem posestvu Obafemi Awolowo (OAU TRF), Nigerija. Pet sort koruze je bilo posejanih tedensko s tremi ponovitvami v popolnem naključnem bločnem poskusu (RCBD) v rastnih sezonah 2016 in 2017. Pri tem so bili spremljani odstotek kalitve (E %), indeks vznika (EI) in hitrost vznika (ERI). Klimatski podatki so bili pridobljeni iz avtomatske vremenske postaje na posestvu. Analiza variance je pokazala zelo značilne (P ≤ 0,01) okoljske vplive na vse opazovane lastnosti. Vlažnost tal (Sm), relativna vlažnost zraka, temperatura zraka, privzem toplote in tok toplote v tleh (SHF) so imeli značilno korelacijo (P ≤ 0,05) z vsemi opazovanimi lastnostmi, ugotovljena pa ni bila nobena povezava med lastnostimi kalitve in pridelkom zrnja. Stopenjska multipla regresija in kasnejša analiza posrednih in neposrednih vplivov na kalitev sta pokazali, da je imela nanjo večji vpliv vlažnost tal, ki je povečala hitrost kalitve kot pa sama količina padavin. Minimalna temperatura zraka in dotok toplote v tla sta imela največji neposredni vpliv na kalitev. Nizka temperature tal (Tmin) in majhen dotok toplote v tla (SHF) sta ob ravno zadostni vlažnosti tal (Sm) maksimalizirali vznik koruze v agro-ekoloških razmerah deževnega gozda jugozahodne Nigerije.

Ključne besede


klimatologija; fenologija poljščin; rastna analiza; vigor sejank; Zea mays L.

Celotno besedilo:

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Literatura


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2021.117.2.2082

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