UČINEK PODSEVKOV NA TEKMOVALNOST MED KORUZO IN BRŽUNASTIM OSLEZOM: GOSTOTA LISTNE POVRŠINE IN PRESTREZANJE SVETLOBE

faezeh zaefarian, zahara shakibafar, Mohammad Rezvani, Hamid SALEHIAN

Povzetek


V poljskem poskusu je bil preučevan vpliv podsevkov na zgradbo sestoja in prestrezanje svetlobe koruze (Zea mays L.) in bržunastega osleza (Abutilon theophrasti Medik). Obravnavanja so obsegala setev nizkega fižola (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), soje (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in aleksandrijske detelje (Trifolium alexandrium L.) kot podsevkov, posejane istega dne kot koruza ali 21 dni po njeni setvi. V poskus sta bili vključeni tudi 2 kontroli (čista setev koruze z zatiranjem in brez zatiranja plevelov). Vsi preizkušeni podsevki so značilno zmanjšali gostoto listne površine in višino bržunastega osleza do 50 %, medtem ko se je gostota listne površine koruze v prisotnosti vseh treh podsevkov povečala. Med podsevki sta bila fižol in soja najbolj učinkovita v zmanjševanju gostote listne površine in višine bržunastega osleza. Fižol in soja sta v primerjavi z deteljo najmočneje zmanjšala absorbirano svetlobo bržunastega osleza, do 80 %. Podsevki v vrste med koruzo so značilno vplivali na pridelek njenega zrnja. V primerjavi s kontrolo brez plevela je samo obravnavanje s sojo kot podsevkom dalo podobne pridelke, podsevka fižola in detelje sta značilno zmanjšali pridelek zrnja koruze. Odložena setev podsevkov, 21 dni po setvi koruze, je povečala pridelek zrnja koruze v primerjavi z obravnavanji, ko so bili koruza in podsevki posejani istočasno.

Ključne besede


zgradba sestoja, gostota listne površine, prestrezanje svetlobe, indeks listne površine, koruza, bržunasti oslez, tekmovalnost plevelov

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2016.107.2.13

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