Pošlji prispevek (e-pošta) Potencialni učinek medsetve na nadzor plevelov, bolezni in škodljivcev v sistemu krušna pšenica-bob
Povzetek
Medsetev se je izkazala kot obetajoča alternativa pri biološkem nadzoru biotičnih dejavnikov za zmanjšanje prekomerne uporabe sredstev za zaščito, ki so škodljiva okolju in zdravju ljudi. Namen raziskave je bil preučiti učinek medsetve na plevele, bolezni in škodljivce v poljskem poskusu organske pridelave v Zahodnem Maroku. V obdobjih 2017-2018 in 2018-2019 sta bila izvedena dva poljska poskusa. Ovrednoteni so bili trije načini setve (čist posevek pšenice, čist posevek boba in mešani posevek pšenice in boba) in trije odmerki dušikovih gnojil: N0 (0 kg N ha-1), N1 (50 kg N ha-1), in N2 (100 kg N ha-1). V primerjavi s čistimi posevki je medsetev pri načinu gnojenja N0 zmanjšala pojavljanje progaste rje za 71–120 % in jakost okužbe za 244–337 % v prvem in drugem obdobju poskusa. Dodatno je bila pojavnost listne pegavosti pšenice zmanjšana za 236 % in jakost njene ukužbe za 276 %. Zelo očitno je medsetev značilno zmanjšala celokupno biomaso plevelov za 40 % v obeh poskusih. Populacija črnih fižolovih uši na bobu se je zmanjšala za 80 %. Nasprotno je povečano dodajanje dušikovih gnojil povečalo napad bolezni in črnih fižolovih uši. Zaključimo lahko, da bi z mešanim posevkom krušne pšenice in boba zmanjšali stroške pridelave in negativne vplive pridelave na okolje kot tudi izboljšali stabilnosti pridelave glede na biotske dejavnike
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2564
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