Učinkovitost bakterije Bacillus subtilis Ehrenberg 1835) Cohn 1872 pri zatiranju glive Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. emend. Snyder & Hansen, kot povzročiteljice koreninske gnilobe pri dateljevi palmi (Phoenix dactylifera L.) v Iraku

Naji Salim JASSIM, Muntaha Abd. ATI

Povzetek


Koreninska gniloba je najpomembnejša bolezen dateljeve palme. Povzročajo jo številne talne patogene glive. Preiskus patogenosti z izolati gliv na sadikah dateljeve palme je pokazal, da so bili glavni povzročitelji njene koreninske gnilobe naslednje glive: Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. emend. Snyder & Hansen, F. proliferatum (Matsush.) Nirenberg ex Gerlach & Nirenberg S1, F. proliferatum S2, Gibberella fujikuroi (Sawada) Wollenw., and Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Kühn. Najbolj virulentna je bila gliva F. oxysporum, z indeksom virulentnosti 82,16 % med tem, ko je bila gliva R. solani najmanj škodljiva z indeksom povzročitve koreninske gnilobe 12,42 %. V laboratorijskem poskusu je bakterija B. subtilis na PDA gojišču zmanjšala radialno rast micelija glive F. oxysporum za 86,6 %. Uporaba bakterije B. subtilis je v kombinaciji z glivo F. oxysporum znatno zavrla razvoj koreninske gnilobe na sadikah dateljeve palme v primerjavi s sadikami, ki so bile tretirane samo z glivo. Dodatno je uporaba bakterije B. subtilis v prisotnosti ali odsotnosti glive F. oxysporum izboljšala fiziološke parametre sadik kot so vsebnost celokupnega klorofila in karotenoidov, aktivnost antioksidacijskih encimov katalaze in peroksidaze ter vsebnost celokupnega prolina.

Ključne besede


B. subtilis; dateljeva palma; F. oxysporum; fiziološki parametri rastline

Celotno besedilo:

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Literatura


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2022.118.3.2643

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Avtorske pravice (c) 2022 Naji Salim JASSIM, Muntaha Abd. ATI

 

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