VPLIV FOLIARNEGA DODAJANJA NANO MIKRO GNOJIL IN NANODELCEV TITANOVEGA DIOKSIDA NA RAST IN PRIDELEK JEČMENA V RAZMERAH NAMAKANJA

Mohsen JANMOHAMMADI, Tahereh AMANZADEH, Naser SABAGHNIA, Shahryar DASHTI

Povzetek


Nano gnojila so nova generacija sintetičnih gnojil, ki vsebujejo hitro razpoložljiva hranila v nano območju. Priljubljenost nano gnojil temelji na njihovi učinkovitosti in okolju prijazni naravi v primerjavi s konvencionalnimi mineralnimi gnojili. Za ovrednotenje učinka foliarnega pršenja z mikro nano gnojili (železo in cink) in raztopino nano titanovega dioksida (nTiO2) na pridelek zrnja ječemena in njegove komponenete je bil na semiaridnem višavskem območju Maragheha, Iran izveden poljski poskus ob sočasnem namakanju. Rastline ječmena so bile ločeno tretirane s suspenzijo nano delcev cinkovega (ZnO) in železovega oksida (Fe2O3) v fazah razraščanja, bilčenja in mlečne zrelosti. Rezultati so pokazali, da se je število dni do anteze in zrelosti značilno povečalo po uporabi obeh nano gnojil. Še več, po uporabi nano gnojil je bilo opazno znatno izboljšanje v masi zrnja, dolžini klasa, številu zrn na klas, vsebnosti klorofila, pridelku zrnja in v žetvenem indeksu.Večji učinek na te lastnosti je imela uporaba cinkovega gnojila. Foliarno dodajanje nTiO2 je pozitivno vplivalo na nekatere morfo-fiziološke lastnosti kot so število dni do anteze, vsebnost klorofila in pridelek slame. Rezultati nakazujejo, da je vnos Zn v kalice ječmena s pršenjem nano gnojil učinkovit način uravnavanja hranil v semi-aridnih območjih. Ti rezultati nakazujejo, da vključitev nanotehnologije v proizvodno gnojil lahko izboljša učinkovitost njihove uporabe in znantno poveča pridelek ječmena. Kakorkoli, odziv rastlin na nano delce je značilno odvisen od njihove koncentracije, časa uporabe, kot tudi od njihove velikosti, oblike in površinske funkcionalnosti.

Ključne besede


mineralna gnojila, zunanja uporaba, nano železov in cinkov oksid, semi-aridna območja, TiO2 nanodelci

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Literatura


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2016.107.2.01

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