Vplivi salicilne kisline in njenih derivatov na rastline, škodljive in koristne organizme in njihove interakcije v okolju

Saša GAČNIK, Stanislav TRDAN, Maja MIKULIČ-PETKOVŠEK

Povzetek


Svetovna proizvodnja hrane je prisiljena v iskanje novih pristopov za zaščito rastlin pred škodljivimi organizmi in okoljskimi dejavniki. Ena izmed alternativ, bi lahko bila uporaba salicilne kisline (SA) in njenih derivatov. Na splošno so učinki SA na primarni ravni ekosistema, vzpodbudni, saj pripomorejo k izboljšani produktivnosti in kakovosti številnih rastlin ter izboljšujejo toleranco na številne stresorje. Sekundarna raven  učinkov SA v okolju predstavlja učinke na škodljive organizme zaradi direktnega delovanja in tudi posrednih učinkov SA, ki nastanejo zaradi morfoloških in fizioloških sprememb, ko se rastlina prilagaja stresorjem. SA v veliko primerih vpliva na zmanjšanje okužb, na nekatere škodljivce pa deluje tudi odvračalno. Rastline po napadu škodljivega organizma sproščajo v okolje hlapne spojine, predvsem derivate SA kot je metilirana SA (MeSA). Ta privablja naravne sovražnike škodljivcev, kar bi se lahko uvedlo v varovanje rastlin pred škodljivimi organizmi, saj je bilo ugotovljeno pri številnih vrstah, da MeSA nanje deluje kot atraktant. Salicilati imajo zelo širok spekter delovanja, ki v okolju sprožajo različne vplive, ki se med seboj prepletajo in posledično vplivajo na več ravni v eksosistemu. V tem članku smo učinke salicilatov razdelili glede na različne nivoje v okolju, kar nam je dalo širši vpogled na potencialno uporabo salicilatov v kmetijstvu.


Ključne besede


salicilna kislina; metil salicilna kislina; acetil salicilna kislina; biosinteza; varstvo rastlin; sistemska inducirana odpornost

Celotno besedilo:

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Literatura


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2953

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