Alelopatski učinek dveh zdravilnih rastlin na kalitev semen, rast sejank in produkcijo semen navadnega tolščaka (Portulaca oleraceae L.)

Seyed Nader MOUSAVIAN, Hamdollah ESKANDARI

Povzetek


Za ovrednotenje učinka dveh rastlinskih vrst in koncentracije njunih alelopatskih izvlečkov na kalitev semen in rast sejank navadnega toščaka (Portulaca oleraceae L.) je bil izveden laboratorijski bločni faktorski poskus s štirimi ponovitvami. Prvi preučevani dejavnik sta bili rastlinski vrsti (Artemisia sieberi in Salvia syriaca), drugi koncentracija njunega etanolnega izvlečka v odstotkih (0,0, 5 %, 10 %, 15 % in 20 %). Učinek pelina (Artemisia) na zmanjšanje kalitve tolščaka je bil močnejši v primerjavi z učinkom kadulje (Salvia). Izsledki so pokazali, da so večje koncentracije izvlečka vodile k zmanjšanemu odstotku kalitve, manjši hitrosti kalitve in k zmanjšanju rastnih parametrov sejank tolščaka kot so dolžina in širina lista, število listov, suha masa listov in stebla in dolžina stebla.V komplementarnem poljskem poskusu so bili učinki ostankov obeh vrst (0,0, 1, 2, 3 in 4 g kg-1 tal) ovrednoteni v faktorskem bločnem poskusu s tremi ponovitvami. Rezultati tega poljskega poskusa do pokazali, da so ostanki obeh vrst značilno (P ≤ 0.01) zmanjšali število glavic na rastlino, število semen na glavico, produkcijo semena in suho maso poganjkov tolščaka, a vpliv na maso 1000-semen ni bil značilen. Učinek rastlinske vrste in njene interakcije s koncentracijo alelopatskih izvlečkov na zgoraj navedene parametre v tem poskus ni imel večjega vpliva. Povečevanje ostankov obravnavanih vrst v tleh je vodilo k zmanjšani rasti in zmanšani produkciji semena navadnega tolščaka zaradi zmanjšanja števila rastlin na enoto površine in zmanšanega števila glavic na rastlino. Ostanki obeh vrst (Artemisia sieberi Bess., Salvia syriaca L.) bi se lahko uspešno uporabljali za nekemično zatiranje navadnega tolščaka.

Ključne besede


alelopatija; Artemisia sieberi Bess.; Salvia syriaca L.; hitrost kalitve; rast sejank; produkcija semena

Celotno besedilo:

PDF (English)

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2018.111.2.05

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