Preučevanje razmerja med prostorsko ureditvijo setve soje (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in populacijsko dinamiko bržunastega oslezovca (Abutilon theophrasti L.)

Hamid SALEHIAN, Maryam NAJAFIAN

Povzetek


Bržunasti oslezovec je pomemben enoletni plevel v provinci Mazandaran, Iran. Njegovo razmnoževanje je izključno s semeni. V raziskavi so bila pridobljena nova spoznanja o semenski banki in produkciji semena za izboljšanje uravnavanja bržunastega oslezovca v bodoče. Malo je informacij, ki se nanašajo na vpliv načina setve soje na dinamiko polpulacij bržunastega oslezovca. V ta namen sta bili v sodelovanju z Agriculture Discipline of the Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran, v letih 2009 in 2012 preučevani dve polji, na katerih sta bila preučevana načina setve soje v vrstah s širšim razmikom, 50 cm, in v vrstah z ožjim razmikom, 36 cm, na vznik populacij bržunastega oslezovca v treh različnih obdobjih po setvi soje (0-10, 10-20 in 20-30 dni). Produkcija semena, listna površina in vsebnost suhe snovi so se povečali v vsaki naslednji populaciji bržunastega oslezovca pri setvi soje v vrstah s širšim, 50 cm razmikom. Mortaliteta kalic bržunastega oslezovca se je pri tem načinu setve soje iz populacije v populacijo zmajševala. Pri tem smo opazili povečano produkcijo semena rastlin bržunstega oslezovca, ki so vzkalile v prvem obdobju po setvi soje. Iz tega lahko zaključimo, da je potrebno zatiranje plevelov v prvem obdobju po setvi soje, to je v treh do štirih tednih po vzniku soje, če hočemo preprečiti zmanjšanje pridelka soje in nadaljne povečevanje semena bržunastega oslezovca v semenski banki. Neupoštevanje širine razmika med vrstami pri setvi soje kaže na pomen tega dejavnika pri uravnavanju populacij te plevelne vrste.

Ključne besede


pleveli; setev; razporeditev vrst setve; kohorte; bržunasti oslezovec; soja

Celotno besedilo:

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2015.105.2.12

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