OHRANITEV GENSKIH VIROV EVROPSKEGA PRAVEGA KOSTANJA (Castanea sativa Mill.) PRED NAPADOM KOSTANJEVE ŠIŠKARICE (Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu, 1951)

Rebecca VOLLMEIER, Gregor OSTERC, Zlata LUTHAR

Povzetek


Evropski pravi kostanj (Castanea sativa Mill.) je ena izmed najpomembnejših lesnatih vrst zaradi svoje okoljske in gospodarske vloge v mnogih kmetijsko-gozdnih sistemih. Trenutno je kostanjeva šiškarica (Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu, 1951) tudi v Sloveniji najpomembnejši škodljivec pravega kostanja. Z napadom vegetativnih brstov, kamor odlaga jajčeca in posledično povzroča tvorbo šišk, moti rast poganjkov in zmanjšuje pridelek. Ob močnem napadu lahko drevo zelo oslabi in propade, kar je na terenu v Sloveniji že opazen pojav, predvsem pri spremljanih genskih virih kostanja. Po vzoru japonskih izkušenj se tudi evropske države vse pogosteje odločajo za biotično varstvo s parazitoidno oso Torymus sinensis Kamijo, 1982. Mikropropagacija je način, ki zagotavlja učinkovito ohranjanje in razmnoževanje ob optimizaciji vseh faz dela. Pri mikropropagaciji slovenskih genskih virov se pojavljajo težave v fazi koreninjenja.

Ključne besede


evropski pravi kostanj; Castanea sativa; kostanjeva šiškrica; Dryocosmus kuriphilus; parazitoid; Torymus sinensis; mikropropagacija; žlahtnjenje

Celotno besedilo:

PDF (English)

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2018.111.1.20

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