PREGLED MOLEKULARNEGA DOLOČANJA ŽUŽELK V INDIJI S POUDARKOM NA OSICAH NAJEZDNICAH (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea)

Ajaz RASOOL, Tariq AHMAD, Bashir Ahmad GANAI, Shaziya GULL

Povzetek


Določanje organizmov pridobiva na pomenu pri spremljanju globalnih podnebnih sprememb in pri poskusih ohranjanja biodiverzitete v procesu hitrega uničevanja habitatov. Klasična taksonomija v teh procesih ne uspe določiti vse biodiverzitete pred njenim propadom. Prepoznavanje majhnih anatomskih razlik med ozko sorodnimi vrstami zahteva presojo visoko usposobljenih specialistov, ki jih je danes vedno manj. Vrednotenje DNK zaporedij omogoča tudi nestrokovnjakom objektivno prepoznavanje vrst kot tudi njihovih malih ali poškodovanih ostankov ali celo industrijsko predelanih materialov. Namen te metode je ustvariti nabor DNK zaporedij za vzajemno rabo pri določanju in taksonomskem razvrščanju organizmov poznano tudi pod imenom DNK črtne kode. Pri tej metodi omogoča kratek genetski marker v DNK organizma njegovo določitev in razlikovanje od drugih vrst, različic. Ta preprosta tehnika je pritegnila pozornost taksonomov, ekologov, konzervatorskih biologov, agronomov, fitokarantenskih uradnikov in preučevanje na osnovi sekvenciranja DNK je hitro poraslo. Izjemna raznolikost žuželk in njihov ekonomski, epidemiološki in kmetijski pomen so jih naredile za tarčno skupino preučevanj na osnovi DNK črtnih kod. V tem sestavku predstavljamo pregled analiz z DNK črtnimi kodami žuželk s poudarkom na osicah najezdnicah iz Indije.

Ključne besede


biodiverziteta; seznam; osice najezdnice; klasična taksonomija; genetska koda; DNK zaporedje; genetski marker

Celotno besedilo:

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Literatura


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2018.111.1.22

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