Uporabnost izbranih invazivnih tujerodnih rastlin pri zatiranju škodljivih organizmov gojenih rastlin

Žiga LAZNIK, Tanja BOHINC, Stanislav TRDAN

Povzetek


Invazivne tujerodne rastline s hitrim razširjanjem povzročajo nemalo težav ne le domorodnim sortam rastlin, ker jih spodrivajo, temveč tudi ljudem, saj so pogosto vzrok za številne zdravstvene težave, kot so alergije, pripomorejo pa tudi k večji gospodarski škodi. Varstvo rastlin je dejavnost, ki na podlagi ustreznih znanstvenih dognanj z različnimi metodami in na gospodaren način varuje gojene rastline pred škodljivimi organizmi. Pri nas in drugod po svetu je zaradi cene in drugih prednosti najbolj razširjena uporaba fitofarmacevtskih sredstev (FFS) v varstvu rastlin pred škodljivimi organizmi. Zaradi negativnih vplivov na okolje, njihovega neciljnega delovanja, pojava rezistence škodljivih organizmov na FFS in vse strožje okoljske politike raziskovalci iščejo nove, okoljsko bolj sprejemljive načine varstva rastlin pred škodljivimi organizmi. Eden od tovrstnih ukrepov je tudi preučevanje rastlinskih izvlečkov pri zatiranju gospodarsko pomembnih škodljivih organizmov. V preglednem članku smo se osredotočili na pregled literature vezane na uporabnost rastlinskih izvlečkov izbranih tujerodnih rastlinskih vrst v varstvu rastlin; japonskega dresnika (Fallopia japonica [Houtt.] Ronse Decr.), češkega dresnika (Fallopia x bohemica [Chrtek & Chrtková] Bailey), velikega pajesena (Ailanthus altissima [Mill.] Swingle), kanadske zlate rozge (Solidago canadensis L.), orjaške zlate rozge (Solidago gigantea Aiton), octovca (Rhus typhina L.), navadne amorfe (Amorpha fruticosa L.) in smrdljivo ditrihovko (Dittrichia graveolans [L.] Greuter), ki jih preučujemo v sklopu projekta ApPLAuSE.


Ključne besede


invazivne rastlinske vrste; Fallopia japonica; Fallopia x bohemica; Ailanthus altissima; Solidago canadensis; Solidago gigantea; Rhus typhina; Amorpha fruticosa; rastlinski izvlečki; varstvo rastlin

Celotno besedilo:

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2018.111.2.22

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