Analiza energetske bilance in bilance toplogrednih plinov kot ocena okoljskih kazalnikov pridelave pšenice in koruze na primeru dveh kmetij

Móslem SAMI, Mohammad Javad SHIEKHDAVOODI, Morteza ALMASSI

Povzetek


V raziskavi sta bili ocenjeni letna energetska bilanca in bilanca toplogrednih plinov pri pridelavi pšenice in koruze na dveh kmetijah, v provinci Khuzestan, Iran. Rezultati so pokazali, da je pridelovanje pšenice učinkovitejše kot pridelovanje koruze glede na energetsko bilanco in bilanco CO2. Celokupna poraba energije je za pridelavo koruze in pšenice znašala 92560,24 MJ ha-1 in 39624,15 MJ ha-1, kar je povzročilo emisijo 20191,47 in 7541,04 kg CO2 ha-1 pri koruzi, oziroma pšenici. Elektrika, gnojila in goriva so bili najvažnejši povzročitelji onesnaževanja okolja in emisije toplogrednih plinov na obeh kmetijah. Ti vložki so porabili 55,52; 22,62 MJ ha-1, kar je 6,44 % celokupne energije koruze in 47,32; 21,19 MJ ha-1, kar je 9,01 % celokupne energije energije pšenice. Pridelavi sta bili odgovorni za emisiji 88,60; 8,79 kg CO2 ha-1, kar znaša 2,03 % ekvivalenta CO2 pri koruzi in 86,54; 9,54 kg CO2 ha-1 in 3,24 % ekvivalenta CO2 pri pšenici. Rezultati te študije so tudi pokazali izboljšanje ob uporabi izboljšanega scenarija na 60,74 and 27,02 % v energetski bilanci in 46,06 in 27,87 % v bilanci CO2 pri koruzi in pšenici.

Ključne besede


energetska bilanca; energetski indeksi; GHG emisije; koruza; pšenica

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Literatura


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2014.103.2.4

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