Različni biotipi bazilike potrebujejo v razmerah hidroponskega gojenja različna razmerja nitrata in amonija

M. SAADATIAN, Gh. PEYVAST, J.A. OLFATI, P. RAMEZANI-KHARAZ

Povzetek


Bazilika je zelo pomembna zdravilna rastlina in začimba, ki se prodaja sveža, suha ali zmrznjena. V prehrani rastlin je dušik esencialni makroelement, potreben za rast, sintezo beljakovin, druge presnovne procese in pretvorbo energije. Znano je, da ravnovesje med amonijsko in nitratno obliko dušika izboljšuje rast in, da se njuno ugodno razmerje spreminja glede na posamezne rastline. V raziskavi smo ovrednotili rast dveh biotipov širokolistne bazilike (zeleno- in vijoličnolistno) v štirih hranilnih raztopinah, ki so vsebovale različna razmerja NH4+/NO3-. Rezultati so pokazali različen odziv obeh biotipov na razmerja hranil v raztopinah. Čeprav je bil pridelek obeh (zelene in vijolične) največji v hranilni raztopini z amonijsko obliko dušika, so kvalitetni kazalci variirali glede na razmerja nitrata in amonija. Največja vsebnost celokupnih fenolov v zeleni in vijolični baziliki je bila 92 in 100 mg ekvivalenta galne kisline na gram suhe mase, vendar je bila največja antioksidativna sposobnost dosežena pri vijolični baziliki, ki je rastla v hranilni raztopini 2 (NH4+:1/NO3:4) in najmanjša vrednost pri zeleni baziliki, ki je uspevala v isti hranilni raztopini. Zmerna vsebnost celokupnega dušika je primerna za gojenje zelene širokolistne bazilike, medtem ko je za gojenje vijolične primernejša hranilna raztopina z manjšo vsebnostjo amonija.

Ključne besede


bazilika; hidroponika; NFT hranilna raztopina; antioksidanti; fenoli; vitamin C; klorofil; pridelek

Celotno besedilo:

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Literatura


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2014.103.2.7

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