Pošlji prispevek (e-pošta) Primernost različnih kolobarjev za pridelavo na slanih tleh
Povzetek
Kolobarjenje lahko uporabimo kot učinkovito tehniko za obvladovanje učinka slanosti tal, vendar je izbira ustreznega kolobarjenja za kmeta zelo zapletena odločitev, ki zavisi od pričakovanega neto dohodka, razpoložljivih sredstev in ohranjanja kakovosti tal. V povezavi s to tematiko je bila izvedena študija, katere namen je bil ovrednotiti primernost različnih načinov kolobarjenja na slanih tleh z ekonomskega vidika in vidika izboljšanja uporabnosti tal. Uporabljenih je bilo naslednjih sedem načinov kolobarjenja: T1 = pšenica (Triticum aestivum L.) – riž (Oryza sativa L.), T2 = pšenica – sezam (Sesamum indicum L.), T3 = indijski trpotec (Plantago ovata Forssk.) - riž, T4 = indijski trpotec - navadni tolščak (Portulaca oleracea L.), T5 = lalemancija (Lallemantia royleana Benth. in Wall.) - navadni tolščak, T6 = iranska kumina (Carum copticum L.) - navadna bazilika (Ocimum basilicum L.), T7 = navadni komarček (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) - poprova meta (Mentha piperita L.). Izbrana so bila zmerno slana tla (pHs = 8.65, ECe = 5.20 dS m−1, SAR = 27.73 (mmol l−1)1/2). Poskus je bil zasnovan v naključnem bločnem razporedu (RCBD) s tremi ponovitvami in velikostjo parcelic 4 m × 6 m. Rezultati dvoletnega poskusa so pokazali, da je bil v kolobarju riža s pšenico dosežen največji pridelek zrnja in največji neto dohodek (208352 Rs. ha−1) kot tudi največji količnik med stroški in prihodkom (BCR; 4.72). Kolobar riža s pšenico je pokazal tudi značilne pozitivne učinke na kemijske lastnosti slanih tal. Zaradi naštetega se za načrtovanje rotacije poljščin na slanih tleh priporoča kolobar riža s pšenico kot najbolj primeren in ekonomnsko najbolj obetaven, saj ima večji potencial dolgoročnega zagotavljanja prihodkov kmetov, izboljšuje lastnosti slanih tal in zmanjšuje verjetnost njihovega slabšanja.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2019.114.1.3
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