Odziv pridelka čebule na velikost čebulčkov, datuma sadnje in mulčenja v suhem sredozemskem okolju

Ibrahim MUBARAK

Povzetek


Lončni poskus na prostem je bil izveden za vrednotenje odziva pridelka čebule v odvisnosti od velikosti čebulčkov in datuma sadnje z uporabo mulčenja. Za sadnjo sta bili uporabljeni dve velikosti čebulčkov, velika (6-10 g) in mala (2-6 g), tri datumi sadnje (februar, marec, in april) in dva načina prekrivanja tal (z in brez zastrtja s slamo). Obravnavanja so bila s tremi ponovitvami. V času poskusa čebula ni bila izpostavljena sušnemu stresu.
Rezultati so pokazali, da je zgodnja sadnja večjih čebulčkov dala ob prekrivanju tal večji celokupni pridelek čebul (44,0 t ha-1), imela je boljšo učinkovitost izabe vode (WUE; 8,37 kg m-3), in večjo učinkovitost namakanja (IWUE; 9,57 kg m-3). Izkazalo se je tudi, da je sadnja drobnejših čebulčkov dala dober pridelek, če so bili posajeni zgodaj in, če so bila tla prekrita. Napovedan odziv pridelka čebule se je linearno povečeval z zgodnostjo sadnje, predvsem pa z velikostjo čebulčkov in prekrivanjem tal. Zaradi naštetega priporočamo za trajnostno pridelavo čebule v suhem sredozemskem območju zgodnjo sadnjo in prekrivanje tal z mulčenjem.


Ključne besede


celokupen pridelek čebule; velikostni indeks čebul; učinkovitost izrabe vode; učinkovitost namakanja; analiza trendov

Celotno besedilo:

PDF (English)

Literatura


Abedin, M. J., Rahim, M. A., Islam, K. S., Haider, M. A. (1999). Effect of planting date and bulb size on the yield and quality of onion seed. Bangladesh Journal of Seed Science and Technology, 3, 25-28.

Addai, I. K. (2014). Effects of cultivar and culb size on growth and bulb yield of onion (Allium cepa L.) in the northern region of Ghana. British Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 4(14), 2090-2099. https://doi.org/10.9734/BJAST/2014/8458

Addai, I. K., Anning, D. K. (2015). Response of onion (Allium cepa L.) to bulb size at planting and NPK 15:15:15 fertilizer application rate in the Guinea Savannah. Journal of Agronomy, 14(4), 304-309. https://doi.org/10.3923/ja.2015.304.309

Ansari, N., Teixeira da Silva, J., Yazdani, N. (2009). Effect of onion set size and cultivar on production of green bunch onion (Allium cepa). Middle Eastern and Russian Journal of Plant Science and Biotechnology. 3, 5-9.

Ashrafuzzaman, M., Nasrul Millat, M., Razi Ismail, M., Uddin, M. K., Shahidullah, S. M., Meon, S. (2009). Paclobutrazol and bulb size effect on onion seed production. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 11, 245–250.

Brewster, J. L. (2008). Onions and other vegetable alliums. 2nd Ed., CAB International, Wallingford, United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781845933999.0000

Ceccarelli, S., Grando, S., Baum, M. (2007). Participatory plant breeding in water-limited environments. Experimental Agriculture, 43, 411-435. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0014479707005327

FAO (2011). Climate change, water and food security. Rome: FAO.

Gimenez, C., Otto, R. F., Castilla, N. (2002). Productivity of leaf and root vegetable crops under direct cover. Scientia Horticulturae, 94, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4238(01)00356-9

Giorgi, F., Lionello, P. (2008). Climate change projections for the Mediterranean region. Global and Planetary Change, 63(2-3), 90-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2007.09.005

Gomez, K. A., Gomez, A. A. (1984). Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research (2nd ed.). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.

Hamma, I. L. (2013). Growth and yield of onion as influenced by planting dates and mulching types in Samaru, Zaria. International Journal of Advance Agricultural Research, 1, 22-26.

Igbadun, H. E., Ramalan, A. A., Oiganji, E. (2012). Effects of regulated irrigation deficit and mulch on yield, water use and crop water productivity of onion in Samaru, Nigeria. Agricultural Water Management, 109, 162-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2012.03.006

Joffre, R., Rambal, S. (2001). Mediterranean Ecosystems. In: eLS. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester. https://doi.org/10.1038/npg.els.0003196

Khaledian, M. R., Mailhol, J. C., Ruelle, P., Mubarak, I., Perret, S. (2010). The impacts of direct seeding into mulch on the energy balance of crop production system in the SE of France. Soil and Tillage Research, 106(2), 218-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.10.002

Khaledian, M. R., Mailhol, J. C., Ruelle, P., Mubarak, I., Maraux, F. (2011). Nitrogen balance and irrigation water productivity for corn, sorghum and durum wheat under direct seeding compared with conventional tillage in the Southeastern France. Irrigation Science, 29(2), 413-422. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-010-0250-4

Khokhar, K. M., Hussain, S. I., Mahmood, T., Hidayatullah, M. H.,

Bhatti, M. H. (2001). Effect of set size on bulb yield, maturity and bolting in local and exotic cultivars of onion during autumn season.

Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 17, 355-358.

Khokhar, K. M. (2014). Flowering and seed development in onion-A Review. Open Access Library Journal, 1: e1049. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1101049

Mohanty, B. K. (2002). Variability, heritability, interrelationship and path analysis in onion. Haryana Journal of Horticultural Sciences 31(1-2), 84-87.

Mubarak, I. (2020). Improving water productivity and yield of onion crop by combining early planting and straw mulch under different irrigation levels in dry Mediterranean region. Advances in Horticultural Science, 34(1), 49-60.

Mubarak, I., Hamdan, T. (2018a). Onion crop response to different irrigation and N-fertilizer levels in dry Mediterranean region. Advances in Horticultural Science, 32(4), 495-501.

Mubarak, I., Hamdan, T. (2018b). Onion crop response to regulated deficit irrigation under mulching in dry Mediterranean region. Journal Horticultural Research, 26(1), 87-94. https://doi.org/10.2478/johr-2018-0010

Mutetwa, M., Mtaita, T. (2014). Effects of mulching and fertilizer sources on growth and yield of onion. Journal of Global Innovation in Agricultural and Social Sciences, 3, 102-106. https://doi.org/10.17957/JGIASS/2.3.561

Onofri, A. (2007). Routine statistical analyses of field experiments by using an Excel extension. National Conference Italian Biometric Society. Proceeding 6th (Pisa). In: “La statistica nelle scienze della vita e dell’ambiente”; 20-22, 93-96.

Polade, S. D., Pierce, D. W., Cayan, D. R., Gershunov, A., Dettinger, M. D. (2014). The key role of dry days in changing regional climate and precipitation regimes. Scientific Reports, 4, 43-64. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep04364

Ragab, R., Prudhomme, C. (2002). Climate change and water resources management in arid and semi arid regions: prospective and challenges for the 21st century. Biosystems Engineering, 81, 3-34. https://doi.org/10.1006/bioe.2001.0013

Rohini, N., Paramaguru, P. (2016). Seasons’ influence on bulb, seed yield and quality of aggregatum onion. International Journal of Farm Sciences, 6(1), 174-183.

Singh, S. R., Sachan, B. P. (1999). Interaction of bulb size and spacing on seed yield and yield attributing trait of onion (Allim cepa L.) cv. Kalyanpur Round Red. Scientia Horticulturae, 6, 125–128.

Somot, S., Sevault, F., Deque, M., Crepon, M. (2008). 21st century climate change scenario for the Mediterranean using a coupled atmosphere-ocean regional climate model. Global Planet Change, 63(2-3), 112-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2007.10.003

Turner, N.C. (2004). Sustainable production of crops and pastures under drought in a Mediterranean environment. Annals of Applied Biology, 144, 139-147. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2004.tb00327.x

Vavrina, C. S., Roka, F. M. (2000). Comparison of plastic mulch and bareground production and economics for short-day onions in a semitropical environment. HortTechnology, 10, 326-330. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH.10.2.326

Zinkernagela, J., Schmidta, N., Kahlen, K. (2015). Changing thermal growing season and climatic water balance affect irrigation and cultivation period of vegetables. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 29, 51-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2015.07.153




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2021.117.3.818

Povratne povezave

  • Trenutno ni nobenih povratnih povezav.


Avtorske pravice (c) 2021

##submission.license.cc.by-nc-nd4.footer##

 

Acta agriculturae Slovenica je odprtodostopna revija, ki objavlja pod pogoji licence Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva (CC BY).

                     


eISSN 1854-1941