Hibridizacijski potencial križancev ostike (Aegilops sp.) in trde pšenice (Triticum durum Desf.) pri vzgoji križancev odpornih na sušo

Fethia ZADRI, Kamel KELLOU, Adra MOUELLEF, Hadjer BOUANIKA, Ryma BOULDJEDJ, Chafika ZAHRAOUI, Abdelhamid DJEKOUN, Nadia YKHLEF

Povzetek


Za preučevanje hibridizacijskega potenciala sta bili križani dve vrsti iz rodu ostike (Aegilops geniculata Roth.; Aegilops triuncialis L.) in dve sorti trde pšenice (‘Oued Zenati’in‘Hoggar’), pri čemer je bila ostika ženska starševska vrsta. Križanci teh štirih kombinacij so bili preiskušani v obdobju petih let z namenom vzgoje potomcev s čim večjim deležem medvrstnih lastnosti. Starševske vrste so bile v obdobju križanja preučevane glede njihove odpornosti na sušni stres. Rezultati so potrdili odpornost vrst ostike na sušo in prilagoditev sort trde pšenice na podnebne razmere v žitnih območjih Alžirije. Vzgojenih je bilo 81 F1 križancev. Razlike v sposobnosti križanja med starševskimi vrstami so bile opazne. Kombinacija staršev Aegilops geniculata/’Oued Zenati’je dala največje število križancev (54 ali 5,23 %), tej je sledila kombinacija Aegilops triuncialis/’Oued Zenati’ (18 križancev ali 3,88 %). Križanje obeh vrst ostike s sorto Hoggar je dalo le malo križancev. Med prednostimi tega križanja je pridobitev križancev v kariopsi, brez uporabe metode reševanja zarodkov. Hibridne sejanke so pokazale znake maternalnega citoplazmatskega dedovanja. Kljub naporom ni uspelo vzgojiti nobene odrasle hibridne rastline.

Ključne besede


Aegilops; trda pšenica; tolerance na sušo; medvrstno križanje; žlahtnenje

Celotno besedilo:

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2019.113.1.08

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