Učinek biološko primernih insekticidov na uši citrusov in njihovega predatorja (Coccinella septempunctata L.)

Behnam AMIRI BESHELI, Amir Hossein TOORANI, Habib ABBASIPOUR

Povzetek


Za ovrednotenje selektivne učinkovitosti posebnih pesticidov pri biološkem uravnavanju vrst je bila ovrednotena kontaktna toksičnost različnih snovi, ki so obsegale obravnavanje z 10 ml l−1 pomivalne tekočine, obravnavanje z Dayabonom v koncentracijah 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 in 10 ml l−1, Palizinom v koncentracijah 1,5, 2,5 in 2,5 ml l−1, s Palizinom 1,5, 2 in 2,5 + citrolnim oljem 5 ml l−1, Tondoxirjem 2 in 3+milom Bartar 1 ml l−1, Malathionom 2 ml l−1 in kontrolo (voda) na odrasle uši v najpomembenjših nasadih citrusov in na njihovega predatorja, Coccinella septempunctata L. v laboratorijskih razmerah. Rezultati so odkrili, da je povzročilo obravnavanje s Palizinom 2,5 + citrolnim oljem 5 ml l−1 največjo smrtnost zelene uši citrusov (Aphis spiraecola Patch, 1914) po 36 urah. Koncentracije 7 do 10 ml l−1 Dayabona in Palizina 2,5 + citrolnega olja 5 ml l−1, kot tudi 3 ml l−1 Tondexirja + Bartar mila 1 ml l−1 so imele največjo smrtnost rjavih citrusovih uši, Aphis citricidus (Kirkaldy, 1907), 36 ur po obravnavanju (100 %). Dodatno so obravnavanja s Palizinom 2 ml l−1+ citrolnim oljem 5 ml l−1, 2 ml l−1 Tondexirja + Bartar mila 1 ml l−1 in Dayabona v koncentracija 5 ml l−1 in 6 ml l−1 povzročile enako smrtnost črne citrusove uši, Toxoptera aurantii (Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841). Tondexir, 3 ml l−1 + Bartar milo, 1 ml l−1 sta 24 ur po ubravnavanju povzročila največjo smrtnost bombaževe uši, Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 (83,88 %). Obravnavanje z Malathionom je povzročilo 100 % smrtnost polonice 36 ur po obravnavanju, medtem, ko je bila njena najmanjša smrtnost, 33,4 % , pri obravnavanju z Dayabonom pri 10 ml l−1.


Ključne besede


uši citrusov; Coccinella septempunctata; smrtnost; botanični pesticidi

Celotno besedilo:

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2019.114.2.7

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