Raziskave diverzitetnih indeksov in škod zaradi škodljivih žuželk na navadnem orehu v Kašmirju, Indija

Shaziya GULL, Tariq AHMAD, Ajaz RASOOL

Povzetek


Pridelovanje orehov, ki je ena izmed ekonomsko najvažnejših kmetijskih dejavnosti v Kašmirju, je soočeno s številnimi izzivi kot so podnebne spremembe, mednarodna konkurenca in škode zaradi škodljivcev in bolezni. Škode zaradi različnih žuželk predstavljajo glavni vzrok zmanjšane pridelave. Namen te raziskave je bil preveriti pestrost škodljivcev in obseg škod, ki jih ti povzročajo pri gojenju oreha. Vzorčenje je bilo izvedeno v štirinajstdnevnih presledkih v treh območjih osrednjega Kašmirja, Srinagar, Budgam, Ganderbal, v obdobju od junija 2014 do novembra 2015. Količinsko določanje posameznih vrst škodljivcev je bilo določeno z različnimi diverzitetnimi indeksi. Vsako izmed območij se je razlikovalo v pestrosti, bogatosti in izenačenosti vrst. Iz vseh treh raziskanih območij je bilo izbranih osem lokacij, na katerih so ujete žuželke pripadale 3 redovom, 7 družinam in 10 vrstam. Škodljivci iz redu Hemiptera so povzročili največ škode, v primerjavi s tistimi iz redov Coleoptera in Lepidoptera, med vrstami iz redu Hemiptera, je največ škode povzročila vrsta Chromaphagis juglandicola (Kaltenbach, 1843) in najmanj Apodiphus pilipes (Horvath,1889).Raziskava daje osnovne podatke za ocenjevanje vzorcev biodiverzitete in potencialnih škod zaradi škodljivcev na navadnem orehu pri razvoju celostnega integriranega programa upravljanja s škodljivci.

Ključne besede


Juglans regia L., diverzitetni indeksi; pojav; okužba; vrstna pestrost; škodljivci navadnega oreha

Celotno besedilo:

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2019.113.1.11

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