Pošlji prispevek (e-pošta) Pridelava ozimne pšenice v Ukrajini: ekološka ocena tehnologij glede na vplive na rodovitnost tal
Povzetek
Moderne tehnologije pridelave ozimne pšenice je potrebno izboljšati glede na ekološko ovrednotenje njihovega vpliva na indekse rodovitnosti tal. Namen raziskave je bil oceniti tehnologije pridelave ozimne pšenice na različnih tleh in klimatskih razmerah Ukrajine po njihovem vplivu na rodovitnost tal. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da je za oceno ekološke varnosti pridelave poljščin priporočljivo uporabiti metode, ki temeljijo na prepoznavanju negativnih učinkov na rodovitnost tal. Predlagamo naslednje skupine glede na odstopanja od optimalnega stanja: (i) močno odstopanje, ki vodi v nezadovoljive ekološke razmere (˃ 50 %), (ii) povprečno odstopanje, ki daje zadovoljivo stanje (˃ 25 %, a manj kot 50 %), (iii) zmerno odstopanje, ki daje normalno stanje (≤ 10 %, a manj kot 25 %), (iv) odstopanja ni, optimalno stanje (˂ 10 %). Ugotovljeno je bilo, da lahko imajo tehnologije pridelave ozimne pšenice v razmerah con polesja (Polissya), lesostepe (Forest-steppe) in stepe (Steppe) v Ukrajini negativni vpliv na režim kalija v tleh, jakost vpliva se spreminja od zmerne do močne. V polesju in lesostepi lahko pridelava ozimne pšenice vodi do poslapšanja pH tal. V stepi lahko tehnologije ob vplivu na režim kalija še močno negativno vplivajo na status dušika v tleh.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2020.115.1.982
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