Pomanjkanje vode in svetlobe vplivata na hitrost in trajanje polnenja semen in pridelek soje

Kazem GHASSEMI-GOLEZANI, Javad BAKHSHI, Bahareh DALIL

Povzetek


Vpliv pomanjkanja vode in svetlobe na polnenje semen in pridelek soje je bil preučevan v poljskem poskusu v letih 2011 in 2012. Obravnavanja so bila različni režimi namakanja (I1, I2, I3 in I4 kot namakanje po 60, 90, 120 in 150 mm evaporacije iz razreda A) na glavnih poskusnih ploskavah in različni svetlobni režimi (L1: 100 %, L2: 65 % in L3: 25 % delež svetlobe) na podploskvah. Število semen na rastlino se je pri obravnavanjih I1 in I2 zmanjšalo, a se je pri obravnavanjih I3 in I4 povečalo kot posledica pomankanja svetlobe. Največja masa semen in najdaljše trajanje polnenja semen sta bila večja pri rastlinah, ki so rastle pri 25 % osvetlitvi (L3) kot pri rastlinah, ki so rastle na polni (L1) in 65 % (L2) osvetlitvi.V nasprotju s tem, so imele rastline pri polni osvetlitvi največjo hitrost polnenja semen, še posebej ob sušnem stresu. Trajanje polnenja semen je bilo pri večjem pomanjkanju svetlobe (L3) za 9 dni daljše kot pri polni osvetlitvi (L1), kar je vodilo k 15.8 % povečanju maksimalne mase semen. Zmanjšanje pridelka semena soje pri polnem zalivanju ali blagem sušnem stresu in njegovo povečanje pri zmernem in velikem vodnem deficitu je bilo posledica manjše osvetlitve, kar je neposredno povezano s spremembami v trajanju polnenja semen in posledično s spremembami v masi semen in številu semen na rastlino v teh razmerah.

Ključne besede


polnenje semen; senčenje; soja; vodni deficit; pridelek

Celotno besedilo:

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Literatura


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2015.105.2.05

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