Rate and duration of seed filling and yield of soybean affected by water and radiation deficits

Kazem GHASSEMI-GOLEZANI, Javad BAKHSHI, Bahareh DALIL

Abstract


Seed filling and yield of soybean under water and radiation deficits were investigated during 2011 and 2012. Treatments were irrigations (I1, I2, I3 and I4 for irrigation after 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm evaporation from class A pan, respectively) in main plots and light interceptions (L1: 100 %, L2: 65 % and L3: 25 % sunlight) in sub-plots. Seeds per plant under I1 and I2 decreased, but under I3 and I4 increasedas a result of radiation deficit. Maximum seed weight and seed filling duration of plants under 25 % light interception (L3) were higher than those under full sunlight (L1) and 65 % light interception (L2). In contrast, plants under full sunlight had the highest seed filling rate, particularly under water stress. Seed filling duration under severe light deficit (L3) was about 9 days longer than that under full sunlight (L1), leading to 15.8 % enhancement in maximum seed weight. Decreasing seed yield of soybean under well watering and mild water stress and improving it under moderate and severe water deficit due to low solar radiation are directly related with changes in seed filling duration and consequently in seed weight and number of seeds per plant under these conditions.


Keywords


soybeans; glycine max; environmental control; water; light; irrigation; irrigation scheduling; crop management; crop yield

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ahuja L.R., Reddy V.R., Saseendran S.A., Qiang Y. 2008. Current water deficit stress simulations in selected agricultural system models. In: Saseendran S.A., Ahuja L.R., Ma L. (Eds.). Response of crops to limited water, American Society of Agronomy, Madison, USA, pp. 1-38

Bahrani A., Heidari-Shar ifabad H., Tahmasebi- Sarvestani Z., Moafporian G.H., Ayenehband A. 2009. Wheat response to nitrogen and post-anthesis water deficit. Proc Int Conf on CBEE, Singapore. pp. 33-34.

Bell G.E., Dannenberger T.K., McMaho M.G. 2000. Spectral irradiance available for turfgrass growth in sun and shade. Crop Sci., 40: 189-195, DOI: 10.2135/cropsci2000.401189x

Bertolli S.C., Rapchan G.L., Souza G.M. 2012. Photosynthetic limitations caused by different rates of water-deficit induction in Glycine max and Vigna unguiculata . Photosynthetica, 50: 329-336, DOI: 10.1007/s11099-012-0036-4

Desclaux D., Huynh T., Roumet P. 2000. Identification of soybean plant characteristics that indicate the timing of drought stress. Crop Sci., 40: 716-722, DOI: 10.2135/cropsci2000.403716x

De Souza P.I., Egli D.B., Bruening W.P. 1997. Water stress during seed filling and leaf senescence in soybean. Agron. J., 89: 807-812, DOI: 10.2134/agronj1997.00021962008900050015x

Dumoulin V., Ney B., Eteve G. 1994. Variability of seed and plant development in pea. Crop Sci., 34: 992–998, DOI: 10.2135/cropsci1994.0011183X003400040030x

Egli D.B., Bruening W.P. 2001. Source-sink relationship, seed sucrose levels and seed growth rates in soybean. Ann. Bot., 88: 235-242, DOI: 10.1006/anbo.2001.1449

Egli D.B., Bruening W.P. 2004. Water stress, photosynthesis, seed sucrose levels and seed growth in soybean. J. Agr. Sci., 142: 1-8, DOI: 10.1017/S0021859604004095

Egli D.B., Ramseur E.L., Zhen-Wen Y., Sullivan C.H. 1989. Source-sink alterations affect the number of cells in soybean cotyledons. Crop Sci., 29: 732-735, DOI: 10.2135/cropsci1989.0011183X002900030039x

Ghassemi-Golezani K., Bakhshi J., Zehtab-Salmasi S., Moghaddam M. 2013. Changes in leaf characteristics and seed yield of soybean (Glycine max L.) in response to shading and water stress. Int. J. Biosci., 3: 71-79.DOI: 10.12692/ijb/3.2.71-79

Ghassemi-Golezani K., Taifeh -Noori M., Oustan S.H., Moghaddam M. 2009. Response of soybean cultivars to salinity stress. J. Food, Agri. Environ., 7: 401- 404

Hadi H., Ghasesemi–Goleza ni K., Rahimzadeh Khoei F., Valizadeh M., Shakiba M.R. 2006. Responses of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to different levels of shade. J. Agro., 5: 595-599, DOI: 10.3923/ja.2006.595.599

Kobata T., Takami T. 1986. Changes in respiration, dry matter production and its partition in rice (Oryza sativa L.) in response to water deficit during seed filling period. Bot. Mag., 99: 379- 393, DOI: 10.1007/BF02488717

Ludlow M.M., Muchow R.C. 1990. A critical evaluation of traits for improving crop yields in water-limited environments. Adv. Agro., 43: 107- 153, DOI: 10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60477-0

Messina M. (1997): Soyfoods: Their role in disease prevention and treatment. In: Liu K. (Ed.). Soybeans: Chemistry, technology and utilization, Chapman and Hall, New York, USA, pp. 442-466, DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-1763-4_10

Mc Williams D.A., Berglund D.R., Endres G.J. 2004. Soybean growth and management. North Dakota State University. University of Minnesota.

Monpara B.A. 2011. Seed filling period as a measure of yield improvement in bread wheat. J. Crop Imp., 38: 1-5.

Nasrullahzadeh S., Ghassemi–Golezani K., Javanshir A., Valizade M., Shakiba M.R. 2007. Effects of shade stress on ground cover and seed yield of faba bean (Vicia faba L.). J. Food Agri. Environ., 5: 337- 340.

Ney B., Duthion C., Fontaine E. 1993. Timing of reproductive abortion in relation to cell division, water content, and growth of pea seeds. Crop Sci., 33: 267–270, DOI: 10.2135/cropsci1993.0011183X003300020010x

Salimi S., Moradi S. 2012. Effect the correlation, regression and path analysis in soybean genotypes (Glycine Max L.) under moisture and normal condition. Int. J. Agro. Plant Prod., 3: 447-454.

Wong G.G. 1991. Shade tolerance of tropical forages: A review. In: Shelton HM, Stuart WW (Eds). Forages for plantation crops, Australian Center for International Agricultural Research, ACIAR Proceedings, Canberra, Australia, pp. 64-69

Yang J., Zhang J., Wang Z., Zhu Q., Wang W. 2001: Hormonal changes in the seeds of rice subjected to water stress during seed filling. Plant Physiol., 127: 315-23, DOI: 10.1104/pp.127.1.315

Zhao D., Oosterhuis D. 1998. Cotton responses to shade at different growth stages: Nonstructural carbohydrate composition. Crop Sci., 38: 1196- 1203, DOI: 10.2135/cropsci1998.0011183X003800050014x




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2015.105.2.05

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2015 Acta agriculturae Slovenica

 

Acta agriculturae Slovenica is an Open Access journal published under the terms of the Creative Commons CC BY License.

                           


eISSN 1854-1941