Deficitni princip namakanja vinske trte (Vitis vinifera L.) – pregled dosedanjih izkušenj in izhodišča za Slovenijo

Tina SMRKE, Vesna ZUPANC

Povzetek


Deficitno namakanje je eden izmed najbolj raziskanih načinov upravljanja namakanja vinske trte, katerim so raziskovalci potrdili veliko pozitivnih učinkov na pridelavo grozdja. Za doseganje optimalne rasti in mase grozdja pri posamezni sorti moramo vinski trti med rastno dobo zagotoviti ustrezno količino vode. Vinsko trto bo potrebno v bližnji prihodnosti zaradi vse pogostejše suše ponekod namakati tudi v Sloveniji. Pri deficitnem namakanju z manjšo količino dodane vode, kot bi bilo optimalno, vplivamo na rast vinske trte in s tem na kakovost in količino pridelka. Pričakovani rezultat deficitnega namakanja so krajše mladike (15,5 % pri sorti 'Monastrell', manjša listna površina, manjša masa lesa po rezi), manjše jagode in s tem manjši pridelek za 38 % do 57 % pri sorti 'Monastrell' in 24 % do 27 % pri sorti 'Tempranillo', manjše število grozdov na trto, primernejšo sestavo jagod (več sladkorjev in antocianov, manj kislin) in učinkovitejšo rabo vode, pomeni več pridelka na enoto dodane vode. Zelo primeren način za nadzor deficitnega namakanja pri vinski trti je merjenje vodnega potenciala rastline. Za uspešen prenos principa deficitnega namakanja v prakso je potrebno poznati tudi kritične fenofaze različnih sort vinske trte, in odziv sorte v dotičnem okolju. Uspešen prenos deficitnega namakanja v prakso bo mogoč le ob finančni in strokovni podpori pridelovalcem.


Ključne besede


vinska trta; namakanje; deficitno namakanje; rast; rodnost; sestava grozdnih jagod

Celotno besedilo:

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Literatura


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2018.111.3.18

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